CC-chemokine ligand 2 inhibition in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a phase 2 trial of carlumab.

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of carlumab in the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).A phase 2, randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled dose-ranging study was conducted in patients with IPF (n=126). Patients were randomised to carlumab (1 mg·kg(-1), 5 mg·kg(-1), or 15 mg·kg(-1)) or placebo every 4 weeks. The primary endpoint was the rate of percentage change in forced vital capacity (FVC). Secondary endpoints were time to disease progression, absolute change in FVC, relative change in diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO), and St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) total score.Due to a pre-planned, unfavourable interim benefit-risk analysis, dosing was suspended. The rate of percentage change in FVC showed no treatment effect (placebo -0.582%, 1 mg·kg(-1) -0.533%, 5 mg·kg(-1) -0.799% and 15 mg·kg(-1) -0.470%; p=0.261). All active treatment groups showed a greater decline in FVC (1 mg·kg(-1) -290 mL, 5 mg·kg(-1) -370 mL and 15 mg·kg(-1) -320 mL) compared with placebo (-130 mL). No effect on disease progression, DLCO, infection rates or mortality was observed. SGRQ scores showed a nonsignificant trend toward worsening with active treatment. Unexpectedly, free CC-chemokine ligand 2 levels were elevated above baseline at both 24 and 52 weeks. A higher proportion of patients with one or more serious adverse events was observed in the 5 mg·kg(-1) group (53.1%) compared with 1 mg·kg(-1) (15.2%), 15 mg·kg(-1) (21.9%) and placebo (46.4%), although no unexpected serious adverse events were noted.Although dosing was stopped prematurely, it is unlikely that carlumab provides benefit to IPF patients.

• Authors: Ganesh Raghu, Fernando J Martinez, Kevin K Brown, Ulrich Costabel, Vincent Cottin, Athol U Wells, Lisa Lancaster, Kevin F Gibson, Tarik Haddad, Prasheen Agarwal, Michael Mack, Bidisha Dasgupta, Ivo P Nnane, Susan K Flavin, Elliot S Barnathan
• Journal: The European respiratory journal (Eur Respir J) Vol. 46 Issue 6 Pg. 1740-50 (Dec 2015) ISSN: 1399-3003 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 26493793 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Phase II, Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright ©ERS 2015.

Chemical References

• Antibodies, Monoclonal
• Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
• Antibodies, Neutralizing
• Antimetabolites
• Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies
• Chemokine CCL2
• carlumab
• Carbon Monoxide

Topics

• Adult
• Aged
• Aged, 80 and over
• Antibodies, Monoclonal (administration & dosage)
• Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
• Antibodies, Neutralizing (administration & dosage)
• Antimetabolites
• Belgium
• Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies
• Canada
• Carbon Monoxide
• Chemokine CCL2 (antagonists & inhibitors)
• Disease Progression
• Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
• Double-Blind Method
• Female
• Germany
• Humans
• Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (drug therapy, physiopathology)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Netherlands
• Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity (physiology)
• Quality of Life
• Treatment Outcome
• United States
• Vital Capacity (physiology)