Neuroleptic malignant syndrome associated with metoclopramide in a child.

Abstract

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare but potentially fatal complication of treatment with antipsychotic medication. NMS has also been associated with non-neuroleptic agents that block central dopamine pathways, such as metoclopramide, amoxapine and lithium. Metoclopromide has antidopaminergic properties and is a rare but well-recognized perpetrator in the development of NMS. NMS has a constellation of signs and symptoms, including hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, autonomic instability, tachycardia, tachypnea, diaphoresis, hypertension and altered mental status. We present a 2-year-old girl who developed neuroleptic malignant syndrome after metoclopromide therapy. High-dose metoclopromide was given to our patient, and it is very likely that she was dehydrated while using metoclopromide, as she developed NMS two hours after treatment. The patient was discharged on the sixth day after admission to our hospital, having been cured. In summary, NMS developed in this patient very soon after metoclopromide treatment. NMS is a life-threatening emergency; if not recognized, or left untreated, it may be fatal. Therefore, early recognition of the developing signs and symptoms, along with a thorough medical history, is of great importance.

• Authors: Ayhan Yaman, Tanıl Kendirli, Çağlar Ödek, Caner Yıldız, Fırat Beğde, Hatice Erkol, Erdal İnce
• Journal: The Turkish journal of pediatrics (Turk J Pediatr) 2014 Sep-Oct Vol. 56 Issue 5 Pg. 535-7 ISSN: 2791-6421 [Electronic] Turkey
• PMID: 26022591 (Publication Type: Case Reports, Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists
• Metoclopramide

Topics

• Child, Preschool
• Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists (adverse effects)
• Female
• Humans
• Metoclopramide (adverse effects)
• Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (diagnosis, etiology)