Dietary supplementation with Ipomoea aquatica (whole leaf powder) attenuates maternal and fetal oxidative stress in streptozotocin-diabetic rats.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

The rate of congenital anomalies, as well as morbidity and mortality of both the mother and fetus, is increased in diabetic pregnancy. Oxidative stress (OS) has been implicated in these effects because of the beneficial effects of several antioxidants in diabetic embryopathy. In the present study, we assessed attenuation of maternal and fetal OS and diabetic embryopathy by Ipomoea aquatica Forsk. (Convolvulaceae).

METHODS:

Pregnant rats were divided into four groups: Group I, untreated non-diabetic control; Group II, rats fed a 2%I. aquatica (IA)-supplemented diet; Group III, streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats fed a normal diet; Group IV, STZ-diabetic rats fed an IA-supplemented diet. Rats were rendered diabetic with a single injection of STZ (40 mg/kg) on gestational day (GD) 4. Dams were killed on GD20 and markers of OS were determined in the maternal liver and fetal brain and liver.

RESULTS:

Embryopathy increased significantly in STZ-diabetic rats (by 40% versus control), but IA supplementation provided significant protection (36% reduction in embryopathy in the IA group versus the STZ-diabetic group). Interestingly, IA supplementation significantly offset diabetes-associated OS in the maternal liver, as evidenced by reductions in malondialdehyde (MDA; 25% reduction versus STZ-diabetes) and reactive oxygen species (ROS; 72% reduction) and increases in glutathione (53% reduction) and total thiols (45% reduction). In addition, IA supplementation offered significant protection against diabetes-induced OS in the fetal brain and liver, as evidenced by increased levels of antioxidant molecules and enzymes and reductions in ROS and MDA compared with fetuses from STZ-diabetic rats.

CONCLUSIONS:

The data suggest that IA supplementation during pregnancy provides considerable protection against diabetes-induced OS in the mother and fetus. Thus, I. aquatica may be an effective therapeutic supplement.

• Authors: Mahesh M Shivananjappa, Muralidhara
• Journal: Journal of diabetes (J Diabetes) Vol. 5 Issue 1 Pg. 25-33 (Mar 2013) ISSN: 1753-0407 [Electronic] Australia
• PMID: 22646693 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: © 2012 Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine and Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.

Chemical References

• Powders
• Reactive Oxygen Species
• Streptozocin

Topics

• Animals
• Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental (metabolism)
• Dietary Supplements
• Female
• Fetus (metabolism)
• Ipomoea
• Lipid Peroxidation
• Oxidative Stress
• Plant Leaves
• Powders
• Pregnancy
• Rats
• Rats, Wistar
• Reactive Oxygen Species (metabolism)
• Streptozocin