Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare-associated acute interstitial nephritis: a rare cause of renal allograft dysfunction.

Abstract

Nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) infections are unusual in the renal transplant population. We present a case of disseminated Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare in a renal transplant recipient who was negative for human immunodeficiency virus infection. Our patient developed renal allograft dysfunction in the setting of disseminated disease and reduced immunosuppression. Transplant biopsy showed acute interstitial nephritis with granulomas and acid-fast bacilli. Acute renal failure resolved completely with further reductions in immunosuppression and anti-mycobacterial therapy. Our patient demonstrates the challenges in diagnosis and treatment of this rare infectious complication.

• Authors: M S Rawla, A Kozak, S Hadley, W W LeCates
• Journal: Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society (Transpl Infect Dis) Vol. 11 Issue 6 Pg. 529-33 (Dec 2009) ISSN: 1399-3062 [Electronic] Denmark
• PMID: 19659671 (Publication Type: Case Reports, Journal Article)

Topics

• Acute Disease
• Adult
• Female
• Graft Rejection (etiology)
• Humans
• Kidney Transplantation (adverse effects)
• Mycobacterium avium Complex (isolation & purification)
• Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection (complications, diagnosis, microbiology)
• Nephritis, Interstitial (complications, diagnosis, microbiology)