Nitrous oxide and perioperative cardiac morbidity (ENIGMA-II) Trial: rationale and design.
Abstract | BACKGROUND: METHODS: RESULTS: At present, ENIGMA-II has randomized >1,000 patients in 22 hospitals in 5 countries. To date, patients' mean age is 70 years, 66% are men, 38% have a history of coronary artery disease, 19% have a history of cerebrovascular disease, and 84% have a history of hypertension. Most patients have undergone intra-abdominal 28%, vascular 32%, and orthopedic 16% surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The ENIGMA-II Trial will be the largest study yet conducted to ascertain the benefits and risks of removing nitrous oxide from the gas mixture in anesthesia. The results of this large international trial will guide the clinical care of the hundreds of millions of adults undergoing noncardiac surgery annually.
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Authors | Paul S Myles, Kate Leslie, Philip Peyton, Michael Paech, Andrew Forbes, Matthew T V Chan, Daniel Sessler, Philip J Devereaux, Brendan S Silbert, Konrad Jamrozik, Scott Beattie, Neal Badner, James Tomlinson, Sophia Wallace, ANZCA Trials Group |
Journal | American heart journal
(Am Heart J)
Vol. 157
Issue 3
Pg. 488-494.e1
(Mar 2009)
ISSN: 1097-6744 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 19249419
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
- Anesthetics, Inhalation
- Homocysteine
- Nitrous Oxide
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Topics |
- Aged
- Anesthetics, Inhalation
(adverse effects)
- Cardiovascular Diseases
(epidemiology, etiology)
- Female
- Homocysteine
(blood)
- Humans
- Length of Stay
- Male
- Nitrous Oxide
(adverse effects)
- Pneumonia
(epidemiology)
- Postoperative Complications
(epidemiology)
- Research Design
- Risk Assessment
- Surgical Procedures, Operative
- Surgical Wound Infection
(epidemiology)
- Vomiting
(epidemiology)
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