Polyphenols restore endothelial function in DOCA-salt hypertension: role of endothelin-1 and NADPH oxidase.

Abstract

Red wine polyphenols (RWPs) have been reported to exert beneficial effects in preventing cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension. We studied the effects of chronic treatment with RWPs and apocynin, an inhibitor of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, on blood pressure, endothelial function, and oxidative status in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt-induced hypertension. Rats were administered RWPs (40 mg/kg) or apocynin (33 microg/kg) daily by gavage for 5 weeks. Plasma catechin levels were detected only after RWP treatment. RWPs and apocynin prevented both the increase in systolic blood pressure and the proteinuria induced by DOCA-salt. Plasma malonyldialdehyde levels, urinary iso-prostaglandin F(2alpha) excretion, aortic superoxide production, and aortic NADPH oxidase activity were found to be increased in animals of the DOCA group. RWP and apocynin treatments reduced these parameters in DOCA-salt rats, having no effect on control rats. However, only RWPs reduced the increase in plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels and aortic p22(phox) gene overexpression found in DOCA-salt animals. RWPs and apocynin also improved the blunted endothelium-dependent relaxation response to acetylcholine in noradrenaline-precontracted aortic rings. All these results suggest that chronic treatment with RWPs prevents hypertension and vascular dysfunction. RWPs prevent vascular oxidative stress by inhibiting NADPH oxidase activity and/or by reducing ET-1 release.

• Authors: Rosario Jiménez, Rocío López-Sepúlveda, María Kadmiri, Miguel Romero, Rocío Vera, Manuel Sánchez, Félix Vargas, Francisco O'Valle, Antonio Zarzuelo, Montserrat Dueñas, Celestino Santos-Buelga, Juan Duarte
• Journal: Free radical biology & medicine (Free Radic Biol Med) Vol. 43 Issue 3 Pg. 462-73 (Aug 01 2007) ISSN: 0891-5849 [Print] United States
• PMID: 17602962 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Acetophenones
• Endothelin-1
• Flavonoids
• Phenols
• Polyphenols
• Reactive Oxygen Species
• Desoxycorticosterone
• Sodium Chloride
• acetovanillone
• NADPH Oxidases

Topics

• Acetophenones (pharmacology)
• Animals
• Blood Pressure
• Desoxycorticosterone
• Endothelin-1 (physiology)
• Endothelium, Vascular (drug effects, physiology)
• Flavonoids (blood, pharmacology)
• Gene Expression
• Hypertension (chemically induced, prevention & control)
• Male
• NADPH Oxidases (physiology)
• Phenols (blood, pharmacology)
• Polyphenols
• Proteinuria (prevention & control)
• Rats
• Rats, Wistar
• Reactive Oxygen Species (metabolism)
• Sodium Chloride