Atrial Remodeling

Long-term changes in the electrophysiological parameters and/or anatomical structures of the HEART ATRIA that result from prolonged changes in atrial rate, often associated with ATRIAL FIBRILLATION or long periods of intense EXERCISE.

Also Known As:

Networked: 852 relevant articles (47 outcomes, 158 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Atrial Fibrillation
2.	Myocardial Infarction
3.	Fibrosis (Cirrhosis)
4.	Cardiac Arrhythmias (Arrythmia)
5.	Tachycardia (Tachyarrhythmias)

Experts

1.	Li, Guangping: 32 articles (09/2022 - 04/2008)
2.	Liu, Tong: 23 articles (01/2022 - 04/2008)
3.	Niwano, Shinichi: 15 articles (01/2021 - 04/2003)
4.	Korantzopoulos, Panagiotis: 15 articles (01/2018 - 09/2003)
5.	Li, Jian: 14 articles (01/2021 - 08/2008)
6.	Niwano, Hiroe: 13 articles (01/2021 - 02/2006)
7.	Nattel, Stanley: 12 articles (11/2018 - 05/2002)
8.	Tse, Gary: 11 articles (01/2022 - 05/2017)
9.	Chen, Shih-Ann: 11 articles (01/2019 - 07/2006)
10.	Yuan, Meng: 9 articles (09/2022 - 08/2018)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Atrial Remodeling:

1.	Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACE Inhibitors)IBA 04/01/2006 - "The mechanism of AF prevention by ACE inhibitors is unclear, but experimental data show prevention or attenuation of pacing-induced atrial remodeling with ACE inhibitor use. " 06/17/2003 - "Recent experimental studies have shown electrical and structural atrial remodeling with increased fibrosis in animals with HF and have suggested a preventive effect of ACE inhibitors (ACEi) on the development of AF. " 07/16/2002 - "Data from studies of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors provide evidence that the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays a role as a mediator of atrial remodeling in atrial fibrillation. " 01/01/2005 - "Thus, prevention or even partial regression of atrial remodeling could be reasonably expected from ACE-inhibitors and angiotensin 2-blockers." 10/22/2005 - "Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor-blocking drugs interfere with atrial remodeling and show promise in atrial fibrillation, as suggested in the LIFE trial. "
2.	Amiodarone (Amiodarona)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/2007 - "At 72 hours of atrial tachypacing in the goat, however, the early gain was lost and the effect of amiodarone was similar again to that in SR. Atrial electrical remodeling changed the efficacy of the antiarrhythmic agents in a different way. " 12/01/2007 - "We hypothesized that atrial electrical remodeling increases the atrial efficacy of amiodarone. " 01/01/2007 - "This observation suggests amiodarone is effective in maintaining normal sinus rhythm after cardioversion, even in patients with long-lasting AF and electrical atrial remodeling." 03/18/2003 - "The present study tested the hypothesis that amiodarone blocks electrical remodeling induced by atrial tachycardia. " 12/01/2007 - "Effect of atrial electrical remodeling on the efficacy of antiarrhythmic drugs: comparison of amiodarone with I(Kr)- and I(to)/IKur-blockade in vivo."
3.	Anti-Arrhythmia AgentsIBA 06/01/2006 - "The development of new therapeutic approaches addresses three different directions: (i) prevention of atrial remodeling, especially of structural remodeling; (ii) increase of long-term efficacy of currently used drugs and improvement of their side-effect profile; and (iii) design of atria- and pathology-specific antiarrhythmic drugs without concomitant proarrhythmic effects in the ventricles. " 09/01/2023 - "Factors related to atrial remodeling and no use of antiarrhythmic drugs may facilitate the progression." 01/01/2018 - "The PERK branch specifically downregulates Kv4.3, while the IRE1 branch downregulates Cav1.2. Therefore, the UPR contributed to electrical remodeling, and targeting the UPR might be anti-arrhythmic." 07/01/2011 - "In long-lasting AF changes in electrophysiological features (electrical remodeling) can occur, resulting in a loss of sensibility to most antiarrhythmic drugs. " 02/01/2011 - "We hypothesized that preablation treatment of PersAF with a potent antiarrhythmic drug (AAD) would facilitate reverse atrial remodeling and result in high procedural efficacy after PVI alone. "
4.	Verapamil (Calan)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/2000 - "Discordant findings have been reported regarding the efficacy of verapamil in preventing the electrical remodeling induced by AF. " 09/03/2007 - "Effects of verapamil on superior vena cava electrical remodeling induced by short-term pacing from right atrium and superior vena cava in human." 11/01/2003 - "The effect of verapamil on electrical remodeling was inhomogeneous, depending on the anatomic portion. " 11/01/2003 - "The effect of verapamil on electrical remodeling was evaluated in a canine rapid atrial stimulation model. " 11/01/2003 - "Verapamil suppresses the inhomogeneity of electrical remodeling in a canine long-term rapid atrial stimulation model."
5.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)FDA Link 01/01/2022 - "In vivo results showed that Que significantly reduced the duration of AF fibrillation and improved atrial remodeling, reduced p-MAPK protein expression, and inhibited the progression of AF. " 11/01/2018 - "In contrast, the expression levels of these proteins were restored in NRP1 group, which may represent the molecular basis of the NRP1-mediated inhibition of electrical remodeling. " 11/01/2010 - "We directly tested the effects of gene-targeted disruption of AC(V) in transgenic mice with cardiac-specific overexpression of G(αq) protein using multiple techniques to assess the survival, cardiac function, as well as structural and electrical remodeling. " 04/13/2004 - "KCNE2 protein is expressed in ventricles of different species, and changes in its expression contribute to electrical remodeling in diseased hearts." 02/01/2004 - "To better understand the relevance of electrical remodeling in dogs to humans, we studied the phenotypic differences in ventricular I(to) of both species with electrophysiological, pharmacological, and protein-chemical techniques. "
6.	Connexin 43 (Connexin43)IBA 01/01/2023 - "ImCDCevs reversed adverse electrical remodeling (restoration of action potential duration to control levels and reorganization of connexin 43) and reduced AF inducibility (33%). " 01/01/2021 - "Also, intervention in Cx43 expression can improve the structural and electrical remodeling of the myocardium to improve MI prognosis. " 01/01/2019 - "Conclusions These results suggested CIH induces atrial remodeling, increases AF inducibility, results in sympathetic nerve hyperinnervation, and decreases connexin 43 expression, but CSD treatment reduces AF susceptibility, postapneic blood pressure increase, sympathetic innervation, and the alteration of Cx43, which may be a key point in the genesis of CIH -induced AF ." 10/01/2006 - "Regression of the atrial remodeling was associated with the normalization of Cx43 localization. " 01/01/2013 - "Thus, in this study we investigated whether a reduction in the extent of cardiac hypertrophy could limit the pathological electrical remodeling of Cx43 and the onset of VT by modulating miR-1 levels. "
7.	Biomarkers (Surrogate Marker)IBA 01/01/2023 - "In this study, we aimed to validate the role of miR-21-5p as a biomarker in a large cohort of AF patients and to investigate its pathophysiological role in atrial remodeling. " 07/01/2009 - "The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible association between serum markers of reactive oxidative metabolism and atrial remodeling in paroxysmal and persistent AF. " 02/01/2021 - "This cross-sectional study demonstrates a racial disparity in ECM blood biomarkers and atrial remodeling in response to HTN and in the development of LVH and HFpEF that may partly help explain the decreased risk of AF in AA." 01/01/2019 - "Potential biomarkers for AF can be broadly categorized into electrophysiological, morphological and molecular markers that reflect the underlying mechanisms of adverse atrial remodeling. " 11/25/2014 - "Unfortunately, the precise mechanisms and sensitive serum biomarkers of atrial remodeling in AF remain unclear. "
8.	Ion Channels (Ion Channel)IBA 08/01/2020 - "In this study, we aimed to investigate the changes of ion channels in atrial remodeling induced by CIH in rats, which provide the explication for the mechanisms of AF. " 01/10/2014 - "Our study focused on the expression of ion channels which were correlated to the electrical remodeling caused by MA. " 11/14/2022 - "Moreover, Gab1 overexpression also markedly alleviated AB-induced electrical remodeling including ion channel alterations and VA susceptibility. " 03/01/2022 - "Abnormal ion channel currents caused by myocardial electrical remodeling is one of the main causes of malignant arrhythmias. " 01/01/2021 - "Atrial remodeling includes changes in ion channel expression and function, structural alterations, and neural remodeling, which create an arrhythmogenic milieu resulting in AF initiation and maintenance. "
9.	Angiotensin IIIBA 06/06/2000 - "The blockade of angiotensin II (Ang II) formation has protective effects on cardiovascular tissue; however, the role of Ang II in atrial electrical remodeling is unknown. " 01/01/2017 - "Our previous work on angiotensin II-mediated electrical-remodeling in canine left ventricle, in connection with a long history of other studies, suggested the hypothesis: increases in mechanical load induce autocrine secretion of angiotensin II (A2), which coherently regulates a coterie of membrane ion transporters in a manner that increases contractility. " 01/01/2020 - "However, the effect of GA on angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced AF and atrial remodeling as well as the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. " 10/01/2018 - "Angiotensin-II (AngII) receptor antagonists were shown to reduce AF by improving atrial electrical remodeling. " 01/01/2018 - "Angiotensin II (Ang II) reduced in vitro cytosolic CaT amplitudes and let to active nuclear Ca release in Ob but not in Ln or WT. In hypertensive ZSF-1 rats, a possibly compensatory increase of cytosolic CaT amplitude and increased SR Ca leak precede atrial remodeling and HFpEF. "
10.	aliskirenFDA Link 01/01/2021 - "The purpose of the study is to explore whether aliskiren (ALS) has a cardioprotective effect and its potential molecular mechanisms on atrial remodeling. " 01/01/2017 - "Aliskiren suppressed the atrial remodeling in a canine AF model. " 03/01/2013 - "Aliskiren, at low doses, reduces the electrical remodeling in the heart of the TGR(mRen2)27 rat independently of blood pressure." 01/01/2020 - "The aim of this study was to investigate the potential role of aliskiren in atrial remodeling in a chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) rat model. " 01/01/2021 - "Attenuation of atrial remodeling by aliskiren via affecting oxidative stress, inflammation and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Electric Countershock (Cardioversion) 12/01/2014 - "The purpose of this study was to determine whether the PA-TDI interval is an independent predictor of recurrent AF after successful electrical cardioversion (eCV) and if it suggests reverse atrial remodeling. " 01/01/2001 - "The studies about atrial remodeling have shown a shortening of atrial ERP or monophasic action potential duration after cardioversion of persistent AF, while discordant results have been observed for what it concerns refractoriness adaptation to rate. " 01/01/2022 - "LA anatomical remodeling and function were measured by echocardiography, while electrical remodeling was evaluated by P-wave duration and dispersion using Electrocardiography (obtained after cardioversion or ablation in AF patients). " 09/01/2019 - "After successful cardioversion, there is a recurrence of 60% due to atrial remodeling, and it has been shown that the global peak atrial longitudinal strain (GPALS) is decreased in these subjects. " 10/01/2018 - "Rapid termination of AF could control symptoms and prevent atrial remodeling; however, defibrillation by internal electrical cardioversion is not tolerable to most patients. "
2.	Therapeutics 07/01/2004 - "In conclusion, frequency analysis of AF seems to be useful for non-invasive assessment of electrical remodeling in AF and may subsequently be helpful for guiding AF therapy." 02/01/2014 - "Also, MSC-therapy improved electrical remodeling, shortening QT and QTc in the ECG and action potential duration of left ventricular myocytes. " 12/01/2021 - "The PREDICT-AF study demonstrates that atrial remodeling occurs long before incident AF and implies future potential for early patient identification and therapies to prevent AF (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03130985)." 12/01/2015 - "Recent experimental studies have identified that Ca handling abnormalities are critical elements in AF pathophysiology with central roles in atrial ectopic activity, reentry, and atrial remodeling suggesting that Ca handling abnormalities could be promising targets for novel AF therapeutics. " 12/01/2014 - "To our knowledge this is the first study demonstrating that TH replacement therapy in HF attenuates atrial remodeling and reduces AF inducibility after MI-HF. "
3.	Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy 11/01/2011 - "Strong coherence between heart rate variability and intracardiac repolarization lability during biventricular pacing is associated with reverse electrical remodeling of the native conduction and improved outcome." 09/01/2017 - "Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has been shown to improve left atrial function; however the effect on reverse electrical remodeling has been poorly evaluated. " 10/01/2016 - "We investigated whether reversed electrical remodeling (RER), defined as narrowing of the native electrocardiographic QRS duration after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), might predict prognosis and improvement in echocardiographic outcomes. " 12/01/2023 - "Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy and Left Atrial Remodeling: A Novel Insight?" 09/01/2022 - "Predictive Value of Left Atrial Remodeling for Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy."
4.	Catheter Ablation 11/01/2017 - "The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of P wave dispersion in the assessment of reverse atrial remodeling following catheter ablation of AF. " 11/01/2011 - "This study demonstrated that (1) serum ADMA concentrations were associated with non-PV ectopies and (2) increased serum ADMA concentrations were associated with higher rate of AF recurrence after catheter ablation in patients with persistent AF, supporting our hypothesis that ADMA might participate in the process of atrial remodeling." 01/01/2023 - "However, artificially caused inflammatory cell death by catheter ablation may have a significant impact on structural and electrical remodeling, which may affect the long-term prognosis. " 08/01/2021 - "In this article, we review the history of atrial remodeling and we summarize the insights from our research on anatomical atrial remodeling and its association with rhythm outcomes after catheter ablation. " 04/01/2019 - "Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between LAT and atrial remodeling substrate, and to explore the predictive role of LAT about strong maintenance substrate and poor response to catheter ablation.LAT was measured by cardiac computed tomography in 2 selected locations (roof and floor) in 100 persistent AF patients. "
5.	Coronary Artery Bypass (Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery) 02/01/2012 - "This study provides novel evidence that ultrastructural atrial remodeling characterized by an impaired cardiac autophagy is present in patients developing POAF after coronary artery bypass surgery." 05/01/2022 - "We hypothesized that FGF-23 could be a very useful predictive biomarker for atrial remodeling and in turn for postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). "