Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

An idiopathic syndrome characterized by the formation of granulation tissue in the anterior cavernous sinus or superior orbital fissure, producing a painful ophthalmoplegia. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p271)

Also Known As:

Networked: 121 relevant articles (6 outcomes, 2 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Pain (Aches)
2.	Inflammation (Inflammations)
3.	painful Ophthalmoplegia
4.	Headache (Headaches)
5.	Paralysis (Palsy)

Experts

1.	Bastianello, S: 2 articles (06/2008 - 06/2006)
2.	Colnaghi, S: 2 articles (06/2008 - 06/2006)
3.	Pichiecchio, A: 2 articles (06/2008 - 06/2006)
4.	Versino, M: 2 articles (06/2008 - 06/2006)
5.	Gladstone, Jonathan P: 2 articles (08/2007 - 08/2004)
6.	Sommer, C: 2 articles (10/2004 - 05/2003)
7.	Hassan, Ahamad: 1 article (03/2022)
8.	Liew, Sze Yii: 1 article (03/2022)
9.	Sim, Nicholas Keyi: 1 article (03/2022)
10.	Warren, Daniel J: 1 article (03/2022)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome:

1.	SteroidsIBA 01/01/2016 - "We report a case of marked improvement of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome without symptom relapse after Gamma Knife radiosurgery in a patient with steroid intolerance. " 03/01/1999 - "As she improved on high doses of steroids a diagnosis of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome (THS) seemed to be indicated. " 07/01/1992 - "We diagnosed him as suffering from Tolosa-Hunt syndrome presently accompanied by facial and vestibular nerve damage because of his history of illness, confined lesion in the left cavernous sinus and steroid-induced remission. " 03/01/2020 - "Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome: Long-Term Outcome and Role of Steroid-Sparing Agents." 05/01/2017 - "A presumptive diagnosis of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome was made, and she was treated with steroids; however, her symptoms progressed quickly and repeat imaging revealed that the lesion was growing. "
2.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)IBA 01/01/2022 - "He had been treated with corticosteroids for 1 month for Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. " 11/01/2021 - "She was initially diagnosed with Tolosa-Hunt syndrome and had a partial response to systemic corticosteroids. " 06/01/2018 - "Angiographic Findings in the Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome and Resolution after Corticosteroid Treatment." 01/01/2009 - "In addition, he exhibited an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and partial responsiveness to corticosteroid treatment, all of which resemble the features of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. " 10/01/2004 - "Tolosa Hunt syndrome is judged to be caused by a granulomatous infiltration in the cavernous sinus, treatment consists in corticosteroids. "
3.	MethylprednisoloneFDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2017 - "We diagnosed him with Tolosa-Hunt syndrome and administered methylprednisolone at 1 g/day for 3 days. " 06/01/2010 - "A prospective multicentre study to evaluate the consistency of the IHS diagnostic criteria, the usefulness of brain MRI for the diagnosis, follow-up and treatment management, and the outcome after high dosage 6-methylprednisolone therapy, in subjects with Tolosa-Hunt syndrome."
4.	Prednisolone (Predate)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/1995 - "Under tentative diagnosis of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome (THS), oral prednisolone 60 mg was given daily. " 11/01/1993 - "Tolosa-Hunt syndrome was diagnosed and high dose prednisolone was given. " 02/01/1990 - "Diagnosis of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome was made on the basis of neurological symptoms, roentgenographic findings and responsiveness to prednisolone. " 04/01/1993 - "Under the diagnosis of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome, she had been placed on prednisolone (30 mg/day) in another hospital, leading to exacerbation of her neurologic manifestations. "
5.	GadoliniumIBA 06/01/2006 - "A fat-suppressed (selective partial inversion recovery, SPIR) gadolinium-enhanced MRI favours the detection of inflammatory pathological tissue inside the right cavernous sinus, and in this patient it suggested a diagnosis of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. " 07/01/1992 - "We concluded that Tolosa-Hunt syndrome may be accompanied by damage of other cranial nerves in its course and that repeated gadolinium-enhanced MRIs are necessary for diagnosis and observation of the patients." 06/01/2011 - "Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an inflammatory pseudotumor of the right cavernous sinus after intravenous gadolinium administration, indicating a rare idiopathic inflammatory disorder of the cavernous sinus, i.e., Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. " 05/01/2000 - "The Tolosa-Hunt syndrome consists of a painful ophthalmoplegia related to a granulomatous inflammatory process in the cavernous sinus, which may be documented by cerebral magnetic resonance imaging with gadolinium enhancement. "
6.	Infliximab (Remicade)FDA Link 01/01/2018 - "Successful Treatment of Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome after a Single Infusion of Infliximab." 05/01/2022 - "Remarkable Benefit of Infliximab Therapy in Recurrent Tolosa Hunt Syndrome." 04/01/2009 - "Tolosa-Hunt syndrome responsive to infliximab therapy."
7.	ProgesteroneFDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2017 - "Tolosa-Hunt syndrome presenting during pregnancy following progesterone administration." 11/26/2002 - "Influence of progesterone and clomiphene on Tolosa-Hunt syndrome."
8.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)IBA 12/01/2005 - "There have been reported cases with bacterial infection resulting pseudo Tolosa-Hunt syndrome, which have good response to antibiotics treatment with excellent prognosis. " 08/01/1981 - "A tentative diagnosis of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome was made after an unproductive search for a cause for this woman's painful ophthalmoplegia and unsuccessful treatment of ophthalmoplegia with antibiotics or diet therapy for mild hyperglycemia. "
9.	Oligoclonal BandsIBA 01/01/2018 - "Orbital Pain, Ophthalmoplegia, and Oligoclonal Bands in the Cerebrospinal Fluid: A Case Report of Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome."
10.	Gadolinium DTPA (Magnevist)FDA Link 04/01/1995 - "Gadopentetate dimeglumine-enhanced MR in the diagnosis of the Tolosa-Hunt syndrome."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 06/01/2004 - "Our results offer new opportunities to assess the efficiency of therapy in patients with increasing loss of visual perception due to the Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. " 05/01/1991 - "The patient was presumed of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome, and prednine therapy (30mg/day) was started. " 06/01/2010 - "A prospective multicentre study to evaluate the consistency of the IHS diagnostic criteria, the usefulness of brain MRI for the diagnosis, follow-up and treatment management, and the outcome after high dosage 6-methylprednisolone therapy, in subjects with Tolosa-Hunt syndrome." 06/01/1985 - "Until better criteria are available for differentiating the two entities, we suggest that children who fulfill the clinical criteria for Tolosa-Hunt syndrome receive a trial of steroid therapy." 05/01/2022 - "Remarkable Benefit of Infliximab Therapy in Recurrent Tolosa Hunt Syndrome."
2.	Radiotherapy 04/01/2005 - "Long-term cure of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome after low-dose focal radiotherapy." 12/01/2000 - "Radiotherapy in a case of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome." 08/01/1987 - "In our experience, it was the first case of the use of radiation therapy in Tolosa-Hunt syndrome."
3.	Aftercare (After-Treatment) 03/01/2003 - "Tolosa-Hunt syndrome: MRI before and after treatment." 01/01/1994 - "A 40-year-old man developed unilateral keratitis, necrotic retinitis, retinal vasculitis, vitritis, and iritis consistent with ARN syndrome 1 month after treatment for ipsilateral facial nerve palsy and auricular herpetic vesicles (Tolosa-Hunt syndrome). "
4.	Telescopes 10/01/2009 - "The patient initially presented with ocular pain accompanied by binocular diplopia and was diagnosed with Tolosa-Hunt syndrome at another institution. "
5.	Renal Dialysis (Hemodialysis) 01/01/1993 - "Tolosa-Hunt syndrome complicated with chronic hemodialysis."