Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma

A primary melanoma that originates from atypical skin MELANOCYTES, especially from acquired and congenital MELANOCYTIC NEVI, and DYSPLASTIC NEVI.

Also Known As:

Melanoma, Cutaneous Malignant; Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome, Hereditary; Melanoma, Familial; Cutaneous Malignant Melanomas; FAMMM Syndromes; Familial Atypical Mole Malignant Melanoma Syndrome; Familial Melanoma; Familial Melanomas; Malignant Melanoma, Cutaneous; Malignant Melanomas, Cutaneous; Melanomas, Cutaneous Malignant; Melanomas, Familial; Syndrome, FAMMM; Syndromes, FAMMM; FAMMM Syndrome; Familial Atypical Mole-Malignant Melanoma Syndrome

Networked: 644 relevant articles (21 outcomes, 68 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Squamous Cell Carcinoma (Epidermoid Carcinoma)
2.	Neoplasm Metastasis (Metastasis)
3.	Basal Cell Carcinoma (Rodent Ulcer)
4.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
5.	Skin Neoplasms (Skin Cancer)

Experts

1.	Hansson, Johan: 10 articles (10/2020 - 12/2002)
2.	Leachman, Sancy A: 6 articles (01/2021 - 08/2003)
3.	Bateman, A C: 6 articles (12/2005 - 02/2001)
4.	Howell, W M: 6 articles (12/2005 - 02/2001)
5.	Theaker, J M: 6 articles (12/2005 - 02/2001)
6.	Merlino, Glenn: 5 articles (01/2016 - 11/2002)
7.	Gruis, Nelleke A: 5 articles (02/2015 - 01/2003)
8.	Hayward, Nicholas K: 5 articles (02/2015 - 01/2004)
9.	Moan, Johan: 5 articles (01/2014 - 01/2008)
10.	Turner, S J: 5 articles (12/2003 - 02/2001)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma:

1.	InterferonsIBA 01/01/1991 - "A total of 65 patients with advanced cutaneous malignant melanoma (MM) have now been treated with interferon alpha-2b (Intron A) at a dose of 10 million IU/m2 administered subcutaneously thrice weekly. " 07/01/2003 - "For this reason, high-dose interferon immunotherapy should be administered to cutaneous malignant melanoma patients at high risk for disease recurrence." 07/01/2003 - "[Interferon: therapy in patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma in adjuvant setting]." 01/01/1987 - "A total of 30 patients with progressively growing visceral and/or cutaneous malignant melanoma metastases were entered in a prospective phase II trial comparing three different therapeutic regimens of recombinant interferons (r-IFN). " 08/01/1999 - "To assess the feasibility and toxicity profile of high-dose interferon alpha-2b (IFN-alpha-2b) in the adjuvant treatment of patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma outside the reference ECOG 1684 clinical trial, we conducted a prospective follow-up in an identical population of patients (cutaneous melanoma, T4 and/or N1) treated by intravenous IFN-alpha-2b:20 MIU m(-2), 5 days a week for 4 weeks; and subcutaneous:10 MIU m(-2), 3 times a week for 11 months. "
2.	Dacarbazine (DIC)FDA LinkGeneric 04/01/2016 - "IFN combined with DTIC may moderately improve the complete response rate, but increases the incidence of adverse events and has no significant effect on 1- and 3-year survival in cutaneous malignant melanoma." 04/01/2016 - "Meta-Analysis of the Safety and Efficacy of Interferon Combined With Dacarbazine Versus Dacarbazine Alone in Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma." 04/01/2016 - "The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of interferon (IFN) combined with dacarbazine (DTIC) (experimental group) versus DTIC alone (control group) in cutaneous malignant melanoma. " 09/01/1976 - "Combination cytotoxic chemotherapy for metastatic cutaneous malignant melanoma with DTIC, BCNU, and vincristine." 11/01/2013 - "Adjuvant chemotherapy with DAC-tam (dacarbazine, nimustine, cisplatin, and tamoxifen) was administrated for a diagnosis of primary cutaneous malignant melanoma. "
3.	MelatoninIBA 04/13/2022 - "Numerous studies have shown promising results for oral melatonin supplementation in patients with other forms of cancer including cutaneous malignant melanoma. "
4.	Type 1 Melanocortin ReceptorIBA 04/01/2009 - "The genetic background of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) includes both germ line aberrations in high-penetrance genes, like CDKN2A, and allelic variation in low-penetrance genes like the melanocortin-1 receptor gene, MC1R. " 08/01/2001 - "Allelic variations of the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) gene have been linked to red hair and sun-sensitive skin types and may play a role in the susceptibility to develop cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM). " 04/01/2001 - "Melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) gene variants are associated with fair skin and red hair and, independently of these, with cutaneous malignant melanoma. " 02/01/2010 - "We have previously described the role of red hair (melanocortin-1 receptor, MC1R) and blue eye (oculocutaneous albinism type II, OCA2) gene polymorphisms in modulating the risk of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) in a highly sun-exposed population of European descent. " 05/01/2004 - "The authors quantified improvement in predicting cutaneous malignant melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin made possible by information on common variants of the melanocortin-1 receptor gene (MC1R) in a 1998-1999 population-based case-control study of subjects aged 20-59 years of northern European ancestry in Tasmania, Australia. "
5.	Cisplatin (Platino)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/2000 - "Our results clearly demonstrate that electrochemotherapy with cisplatin is a highly effective approach for treatment of cutaneous malignant melanoma nodules. " 08/01/2004 - "Choroidal metastasis from a cutaneous malignant melanoma regressed after cisplatin therapy." 11/19/2007 - "To evaluate the efficacy of cisplatin, gemcitabine, and treosulfan (CGT) in 91 patients with pretreated relapsed AJCC stage IV cutaneous malignant melanoma. " 02/01/2011 - "Age has no significant impact on overall survival and on treatment tolerability in relapsed stage IV cutaneous malignant melanoma patients receiving Cisplatin, Gemcitabine, and Treosulfan." 11/19/2007 - "Cisplatin, gemcitabine, and treosulfan in relapsed stage IV cutaneous malignant melanoma patients."
6.	Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases (MEKs)IBA 12/01/2017 - "In cutaneous malignant melanoma, combined treatment with BRAF and MEK inhibitors is associated with high response rates and has been shown to improve progression free as well as overall survival compared to BRAF inhibition alone. " 09/15/2005 - "Constitutive activation of the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signaling cascade is a hallmark of cutaneous malignant melanoma. " 02/01/2021 - "[MEK inhibitor-associated retinopathy under binimetinib treatment for cutaneous malignant melanoma]." 05/01/2021 - "To examine the nature and frequency of ocular side effects due to systemic target therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitors as well as immunotherapy with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibodies used in the treatment of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM). "
7.	NivolumabIBA 01/01/2017 - "We consider that nivolumab will be effective for non-cutaneous malignant melanoma." 01/01/2019 - "A 63-year-old woman with metastatic cutaneous malignant melanoma experienced visual loss in both eyes 10 days after her second nivolumab injection. " 01/01/2019 - "Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease-Like Uveitis during Nivolumab (Anti-PD-1 Antibody) Treatment for Metastatic Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma." 01/01/2017 - "A patient with metastatic cutaneous malignant melanoma developed Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease-like posterior uveitis after two nivolumab (anti-PD-1 antibody) injections. " 01/01/2017 - "Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease-like posterior uveitis in the course of nivolumab (anti-PD-1 antibody), interposed by vemurafenib (BRAF inhibitor), for metastatic cutaneous malignant melanoma."
8.	AutoantibodiesIBA 09/01/2007 - "Persons being treated with IFNalpha-2b for advanced cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) have been reported to have a greatly improved prognosis if they develop autoantibodies or clinical signs of autoimmunity during therapy. " 01/01/2013 - "Melanoma-associated retinopathy (MAR) is a paraneoplastic syndrome associated with cutaneous malignant melanoma and the presence of autoantibodies that label neurons in the inner retina. "
9.	Gemcitabine FDA Link 11/19/2007 - "To evaluate the efficacy of cisplatin, gemcitabine, and treosulfan (CGT) in 91 patients with pretreated relapsed AJCC stage IV cutaneous malignant melanoma. " 02/01/2011 - "Age has no significant impact on overall survival and on treatment tolerability in relapsed stage IV cutaneous malignant melanoma patients receiving Cisplatin, Gemcitabine, and Treosulfan." 11/19/2007 - "Cisplatin, gemcitabine, and treosulfan in relapsed stage IV cutaneous malignant melanoma patients." 02/01/2011 - "We compared the efficacy and tolerability of cisplatin, gemcitabine, and treosulfan (CGT) therapy in younger patients (age, <60 years) and in elderly patients (age, ≥60 years) with pretreated relapsed American Joint Committee on Cancer stage IV cutaneous malignant melanoma. "
10.	Immune Checkpoint InhibitorsIBA 03/01/2020 - "Choroidal naevus regression associated with PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy for metastatic cutaneous malignant melanoma." 07/22/2022 - "Targeted therapy (TT), together with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), has significantly improved clinical outcomes for patients with advanced cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) during the last decade. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 04/01/2000 - "High-risk surgically resected primary or loco-regional cutaneous malignant melanoma, although uncommon, can be associated with less than 50% 5-year survival; adjuvant therapy of proven efficacy is therefore appropriate. " 10/01/2020 - "Introduction of targeted therapy in the treatment of metastatic cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) has improved clinical outcome during the last years. " 01/01/2021 - "Also, the outcome of our cohort series of patients with metastatic cutaneous malignant melanoma who were treated with systemic combination therapy in Dorset is presented." 11/15/2020 - "The Non-Coding Landscape of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma: A Possible Route to Efficient Targeted Therapy." 07/01/2020 - "Cancer stem cells, epigenetics, tumor microenvironment and future therapeutics in cutaneous malignant melanoma: a review."
2.	Immunotherapy 01/01/2021 - "Immunotherapy has proven effective against cutaneous malignant melanoma and may show efficacy in ARMM. " 12/01/2022 - "Immunotherapy (IO) is now established as a therapy for aggressive or metastatic cutaneous malignant melanoma. " 07/22/2022 - "Proliferation and Immune Response Gene Signatures Associated with Clinical Outcome to Immunotherapy and Targeted Therapy in Metastatic Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma." 06/01/2022 - "Despite the progress in immunotherapy and targeted therapy for patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma not all patients with loco-regional recurrences will respond to treatment. " 05/01/2021 - "Ocular side effects of target therapy and immunotherapy in patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma."
3.	Radiotherapy 04/01/1999 - "Radiation therapy is effective in the management of cutaneous malignant melanoma. " 01/01/2004 - "Radiotherapy for cutaneous malignant melanoma: rationale and indications." 09/01/1999 - "Radiotherapy (RT) is used as last resort for patients with advanced cutaneous malignant melanoma (MM). " 06/01/1999 - "Radiotherapy is used as a "last resort" for patients with advanced cutaneous malignant melanoma. " 04/01/1999 - "The authors examined the role of radiation therapy in the palliative and/or adjuvant treatment of cutaneous malignant melanoma. "
4.	Gas Lasers 08/01/1983 - "[Use of the CO2 laser in the treatment of cutaneous malignant melanoma: lymphoadenectomy]." 05/01/2009 - "Carbon dioxide laser ablation should be offered as first-line treatment in the management of cutaneous malignant melanoma metastases. " 01/01/2015 - "CO2 laser treatment for regional cutaneous malignant melanoma metastases." 05/01/2009 - "Carbon dioxide laser ablation as first-line management of in-transit cutaneous malignant melanoma metastases." 09/01/2008 - "Carbon dioxide laser ablation for the management of in-transit cutaneous malignant melanoma metastases."
5.	Molecular Targeted Therapy 01/01/2013 - "Cutaneous malignant melanoma is the most fatal skin cancer and although improved comprehension of its pathogenic pathways allowed to realize some effective molecular targeted therapies, novel targets and drugs are still needed. "