Crystalluria

Crystals in the URINE found in urinary sediment analysis. Urinary crystalline may be formed from various metabolites (e.g., CALCIUM OXALATES; CALCIUM PHOSPHATES; URATES) and drugs (e.g., SULPHADIAZINE; ACYCLOVIR; and TRIAMTERENE).

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Networked: 458 relevant articles (13 outcomes, 42 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
2.	Urolithiasis
3.	Kidney Calculi (Kidney Stone)
4.	Pyelonephritis
5.	Hematuria

Experts

1.	Daudon, Michel: 18 articles (04/2021 - 01/2003)
2.	Daudon, M: 6 articles (05/2019 - 04/2000)
3.	Fogazzi, Giovanni B: 5 articles (08/2018 - 01/2003)
4.	Letavernier, Emmanuel: 4 articles (01/2022 - 11/2020)
5.	Knebelmann, Bertrand: 4 articles (11/2019 - 07/2003)
6.	Bollée, Guillaume: 4 articles (01/2014 - 09/2010)
7.	Ceballos-Picot, Irène: 4 articles (01/2014 - 09/2010)
8.	Iezhitsa, I N: 4 articles (04/2013 - 05/2009)
9.	Kharitonova, M V: 4 articles (04/2013 - 05/2009)
10.	Kravchenko, M S: 4 articles (04/2013 - 05/2009)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Crystalluria:

1.	CalciumIBA 08/01/1987 - "However, the frequency of crystalluria was significantly greater in 49 patients in group 2 who required or had required surgical intervention for calcium stone disease than in group 1 (p less than 0.05). " 09/01/1999 - "Crystalluria studies could be of clinical interest to predict the main crystalline phase of calcium-containing stones in order to define the best procedures for stone removal." 01/01/1994 - "Despite nearly a half-century of study, the clinical value of spontaneous crystalluria (Cx) examinations in calcium stone formers (CaSF) is still uncertain. " 01/01/1994 - "Methodological aspects of spontaneous crystalluria studies in calcium stone formers." 01/01/2010 - "The following variables were assessed; urine volume, urinary calcium excretion, and crystalluria. "
2.	Calcium OxalateIBA 02/01/2008 - "The in vitro study of calcium oxalate (CaOx) stone formation is usually based on crystallisation models but it is recognised that both healthy individuals and stone formers have crystalluria. " 01/01/1998 - "The aim of this study is to compare vesical and renal calcium oxalate crystalluria in an attempt to correlate crystal formation with chemical composition and calcium oxalate saturation of renal urine. " 01/01/1998 - "Study of calcium oxalate crystalluria on renal and vesical urines in stone formers and normal subjects." 01/01/1996 - "The aim of this study was to determine the usefulness of the morning calcium oxalate crystalluria in detecting stone formers particularly prone to recurrence. " 10/01/1988 - "[Study of calcium oxalate crystalluria by infrared analysis]."
3.	Uric Acid (Urate)IBA 12/15/2017 - "We did not observe any adverse events requiring termination or reduction of the study drug, although uric acid crystalluria was transiently observed in a single subject. " 06/01/2005 - "The present study was designed to verify whether diabetic patients present a particular type of crystalluria predisposing them to a high frequency of uric acid stones than other types of stones, which could allow detection of this risk and the proposal of therapeutic measures to prevent these stones. " 11/01/2013 - "The trend to uric acid crystalluria and reducing the pH of urine was revealed. " 11/15/2012 - "Such uroliths may be underdiagnosed in humans because of variability of clinical signs and difficulty in differentiating 2,8-DHA and urate uroliths and crystalluria. " 06/01/2005 - "The high prevalence of uric acid crystalluria and the high proportion of uric acid stones reported in diabetic women suggest that women are at greater risk than men of developing uric acid stones in the context of diabetes. "
4.	OxalatesIBA 01/01/2023 - "normal urinary oxalate, absence of crystalluria, stable kidney function and improved well-being. " 01/01/2020 - "On the contrary, the mechanism of nephrotoxin-induced AKI includes direct toxic effect on the renal tubules, intratubular precipitation of substances like djenkolic and oxalic acids (crystalluria) as well as intratubular obstruction and AKI. " 06/01/2006 - "Oxalate excretion and CaOx crystalluria were monitored by 20+4 h urine collections. " 03/01/2004 - "Urine was periodically collected and analyzed for oxalate levels and the presence of crystalluria. " 01/01/2004 - "These predictions are used to explain data on the effects of oxalate loading on CaOx crystalluria in stone formers and normal controls. "
5.	StruviteIBA 10/01/2019 - "The aim of the study was to identify any dietary, signalment, geographic and clinical factors associated with hematuric struvite crystalluria (HSC) in a population of cats that visit general care veterinary hospitals in the USA. " 01/01/2021 - "Urine concentration was able to be decreased somewhat and struvite crystalluria resolved, but the urine remained more alkaline than intended. " 10/01/2019 - "This information could help clinicians to perform a more directed screening for struvite crystalluria in certain cat populations. " 10/01/2019 - "Factors associated with hematuric struvite crystalluria in cats." 12/01/2011 - "An obstruction was significantly more likely in cats with struvite crystalluria compared with cats without struvite crystalluria. "
6.	Indinavir (Crixivan)FDA Link 12/01/2007 - "We present a case of progressive leucocyturia and renal impairment occurring during indinavir treatment which illustrates vividly the impact of the crystalluria on the tubulointerstitial renal compartment." 12/01/2006 - "Indinavir crystalluria." 01/01/2006 - "Our findings suggest that low urine pH may have a protective effect against indinavir crystalluria across the entire range of urine SG." 01/01/2006 - "In conclusion, the frequency of indinavir crystalluria in asymptomatic HIV-1 infected individuals during their first year of treatment with indinavir was markedly influenced by the urine pH and SG. " 01/01/2006 - "Conversely, U/A with high pH (> or = 6.0) had a higher frequency of indinavir crystalluria, which was further influenced by the urine SG. "
7.	Cystine (L-Cystine)IBA 07/01/2003 - "Based on the results of the present study, cystine crystalluria appears to accurately reflect active stone formation in cystinuric patients. " 11/01/2019 - "Alkaline hyperdiuresis was well tolerated and reduced cystine crystalluria. " 07/01/2003 - "Cystine crystalluria was significantly more frequent among the 27 patients who developed new cystine stones (SF) than in the other 30 who remained stone-free (63.3 vs 25.5% of samples, P<0.001). " 01/01/1981 - "Cystine crystalluria and urinary saturation in cystine and non-cystine stone formers." 09/07/2021 - "Cystinuria is monitored for the presence of urinary cystine stones by crystalluria, imaging techniques or urinary cystine capacity; all with limited predicting capabilities. "
8.	Citric Acid (Citrate)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/2005 - "The beneficial effect of the urinary citrate concentration on the frequency of crystalluria is observed for pCaOx values < 3 (mmol/l)2, but only for pCaOx values < 2 (mmol/l)2 for the characteristics of crystalluria such as the number and dimensions of crystals and aggregates. " 09/01/2005 - "For pCaOx values > or = 3 (mmol/l)2, urinary citrate excretion no longer significantly influenced the frequency of crystalluria. " 09/01/2005 - "An increase of urinary citrate excretion from 0.5 to 5 mmol/l significantly lowered the frequency of crystalluria from 32.4% to 10.1% for a pCaOx between 1 and 2 (mmol/l)2 (p < 0.0001) and from 63% to 27.9% for a pCaOx between 2 and 3 (mmol/l)2 (p < 0.001). " 01/01/1996 - "The inhibitory activity of some citrate analogues upon calcium crystalluria: observations using an improved urine evaporation technique." 09/01/2005 - "The number of crystals and aggregates and the maximum dimensions of aggregates were only influenced by the urinary citrate concentration when the pCaOx product was < 2 (mmol/l)2. The main determinant of the frequency and characteristics of weddellite crystalluria is the pCaOx molar product. "
9.	ThiazidesIBA 01/01/1987 - "Crystalluria was more frequent in urine specimens collected on free diet in stone formers (48.9%) than in normal subjects (13.9%, p less than 0.001) and slightly decreased in patients on thiazide therapy (41.2%). " 01/01/1987 - "A study of crystalluria in calcium oxalate stone patients treated with thiazides." 12/01/1978 - "The incidence of crystalluria produced by these tests is higher in the stone formers than in the normal subjects, reduced by thiazides and increased by cellulose phosphate; combined thiazide and cellulose phosphate therapy was most effective in reducing crystalluria. "
10.	NitrofuransIBA 01/01/2013 - "To evaluate the efficacy of nitrofurans in children and adolescents with pyelonephritis in the presence of crystalluria. " 01/01/2013 - "[Comparative efficacy of nitrofurans in children and adolescents with pyelonephritis in presence of crystalluria]." 01/01/2013 - "Out of nitrofurans, furamag may be recommended as the drug of choice to treat urinary tract infections in the presence of crystalluria." 01/01/2013 - "The results of the study showed that the antibacterial therapy involving antibiotics and nitrofurans for an exacerbation of chronic pyelonephritis in the presence of crystalluria not only provides an anti-inflammatory effect, but also leads to reductions in the level of crystalluria and the urinary content of uric acid and calcium. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 05/01/1998 - "We found that crystalluria with the OCV measurement is non-invasive, easily performed, and gives feedback on the efficacy of PH I therapy within one hour. " 06/01/1985 - "Crystalluria following aminopenicillin therapy." 01/01/1984 - "Crystalluria was studied before therapy and at 6 and 12 months during treatment. " 11/01/2014 - "Crystalluria in HIV/AIDS patients on highly active anti-retroviral therapy in the Kumasi metropolis; a cross sectional study." 06/01/2010 - "Standard of care interventions to minimize hypercalciuria, crystalluria and stone formation used routinely by pediatric nephrologists should also be prescribed by neurologists treating patients with combination anti-epileptic therapy. "
2.	Glycemic Control 05/01/2017 - "Good glycemic control may be a helpful in reducing the occurrence of crystalluria among T2DM."
3.	Intravenous Administration 01/01/1988 - "An open placebo-controlled study on eleven healthy male volunteers was carried out to investigate renal tolerance and the possibility of crystalluria after oral and intravenous administration of ofloxacin. " 09/01/1983 - "The most important adverse effect is crystalluria and elevated serum creatinine related to bolus intravenous administration. " 01/01/1987 - "The probability of crystalluria upon intravenous administration appears not to be higher than after oral administration of ciprofloxacin." 01/01/1995 - "A second study was then conducted in four other patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans to evaluate serum and urinary levels of oxalate, and crystalluria during the intravenous administration of 800 mg of naftidrofuryl oxalate per day for 10 days. "
4.	Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) 11/01/2014 - "HAART is associated with crystalluria in HIV patients. " 11/01/2014 - "The prevalence of crystalluria was higher among HIV-infected persons on HAART than those not on HAART (6.7% vs 4%; P = 0.733). " 11/01/2014 - "This study used light microscopy to establish the prevalence of crystalluria among HIV/AIDS patients on HAART and identified the routine crystals present in their urine. " 11/01/2014 - "Crystalluria is associated with some highly active anti-retroviral therapies (HAART's) used in the management of HIV/AIDS. " 11/01/2014 - "Cohort studies have shown that the incidence of varying degrees of renal disease and/or crystalluria related to combination antiretroviral therapy with tenofovir and some protease inhibitors (PI) does not appear with LPV/r or that the incidence is much lower with this combination. "
5.	Oral Administration 05/01/2005 - "The results from both experiments indicated a significant overlap between urine concentrations of M1 in vivo following the highest oral administration of the parent drug and M1 solubility measured in vitro, suggesting a high potential for in vivo saturation of urine with M1 with subsequent precipitation, crystalluria, and nephrotoxicity. " 05/01/2005 - "The solubility, in human urine, of the major hydroxylated metabolite (M1) of an experimental cognition enhancer was characterized through a series of in vitro experiments in an effort to estimate the probability of crystalluria occurring following oral administration of the parent compound. " 01/01/1987 - "The probability of crystalluria upon intravenous administration appears not to be higher than after oral administration of ciprofloxacin."