Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase

A fatty acid desaturase that is a rate-limiting enzyme for the conversion from dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid and EICOSATETRAENOATE (ETA) in the synthesis of ARACHIDONIC ACID and EICOSAPENTAENOATE (EPA). It is also involved in the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids from the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), LINOLEIC ACID (LA), and ALPHA LINOLENIC ACID (ALA) precursors and plays an important role in the metabolism of inflammatory lipids including PROSTAGLANDIN E2.

Also Known As:

5 Desaturase, Delta; Acid Delta-5-Desaturase, Fatty; Delta 5 FADase; Delta-5-Desaturase, Fatty Acid; Desaturase, Delta 5; Fatty Acid Delta 5 Desaturase; Delta 5 Desaturase; Delta-5-FADase; Fatty Acid Delta-5-Desaturase

Networked: 16 relevant articles (1 outcomes, 3 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Enzymes and Coenzymes: 1
- Enzymes: 152586
  - Oxidoreductases: 13671
    - Oxygenases: 333
      - Mixed Function Oxygenases: 2175
        Fatty Acid Desaturases: 159
        Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase: 16
        human FADS1 protein

Experts

1.	Pang, Lizhi: 1 article (11/2021)
2.	Qian, Steven: 1 article (11/2021)
3.	Shah, Harshit: 1 article (11/2021)
4.	Xu, Yi: 1 article (11/2021)
5.	Kang, Suna: 1 article (03/2019)
6.	Kim, Da Sol: 1 article (03/2019)
7.	Park, Sunmin: 1 article (03/2019)
8.	Anyaoku, Victor: 1 article (03/2013)
9.	Godsland, Ian F: 1 article (03/2013)
10.	Gray, Robert G: 1 article (03/2013)

Related Diseases

1.	Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (Inflammatory Bowel Disease) 03/01/1995 - "The clinical relevance of these observations on lipid dietary modification for the management of chronic inflammatory bowel disease is still uncertain but these observations suggest that the beneficial effects of EPA supplements on human ulcerative colitis may be due to a reduction in enterocyte arachidonic acid content by down-regulation of delta 6 and delta 5 desaturase activity."
2.	Ulcerative Colitis 03/01/1995 - "The clinical relevance of these observations on lipid dietary modification for the management of chronic inflammatory bowel disease is still uncertain but these observations suggest that the beneficial effects of EPA supplements on human ulcerative colitis may be due to a reduction in enterocyte arachidonic acid content by down-regulation of delta 6 and delta 5 desaturase activity."
3.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 11/01/2021 - "Delta-5-desaturase: A novel therapeutic target for cancer management." 05/01/1999 - "Overall, these studies showed that: GE diol emulsions provide 640-fold higher doses of both GLA and EPA without causing hemolysis or adverse effects in the host mouse when compared to free PUFA infusions; GE diol is metabolized after oral or i.v. administration; tumor concentrations of GLA and EPA from the enterally administered diol were 4 to 13-fold higher than the in vitro cytotoxic levels; EPA, competes with AA and probably inhibits the activity of delta 5 desaturase without affecting the elongation of GLA in the host and tumor tissue; the change in PUFA profile modifies the substrates for eicosanoid synthesis. " 07/01/2009 - "We also examined the percent unsaturated or saturated fatty acids in the total phospholipids, PUFA omega-6/omega-3 ratios, and other major enzymes (elongase, Delta [Delta]-5-desaturase, and Delta-6-desaturase) of omega-6 catabolic pathways from the tumors. "
4.	Prostatic Neoplasms (Prostate Cancer) 03/27/2006 - "This comparative (normal donor versus prostate cancer) study showed that: 1) the level of 15-LO-1 expression (the key enzyme in the LA pathway) is low (P < 0.001), whereas the levels of delta-5 desaturase (P < 0.001, the key enzyme in the AA pathway), delta-6 desaturase (P = 0.001), elongase (P = 0.16) and 15-lipoxygenase-2 (15-LO-2, P = 0.74) are higher in donor (normal) prostates, and 2) Contrary to the observation in the normal tissues, significantly high levels of only 15-LO-1; whereas low levels of delta-6 desaturase, elongase, delta-5 desaturase and 15-LO-2 respectively, were observed in PCa tissues. "
5.	Myocardial Infarction 11/15/1996 - "This study suggests that middle-aged men who later develop a myocardial infarction are characterized not only by conventional risk factors but also by an altered fatty acid composition of serum cholesterol esters, with a low arachidonic to dihomogammalinolenic acid ratio, indicating reduced delta 5 desaturase activity. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Arachidonic Acid (Vitamin F)
2.	Lipids
3.	Linoleoyl-CoA Desaturase
4.	Fatty Acids (Saturated Fatty Acids)
5.	Enzymes
6.	8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid (Dihomo-gamma-Linolenic Acid)
7.	Eicosanoids
8.	Emulsions
9.	Cholesterol Esters (Cholesteryl Esters)
10.	gamma- linolenoyl- 3- eicosapentaenoylpropanediol

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Diet Therapy (Therapy, Diet)