Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

A carcinoma that originates in the EPITHELIUM of the NASOPHARYNX and includes four subtypes: keratinizing squamous cell, non-keratinizing, basaloid squamous cell, and PAPILLARY ADENOCARCINOMA. It is most prevalent in Southeast Asian populations and is associated with EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS INFECTIONS. Somatic mutations associated with this cancer have been identified in NPCR, BAP1, UBAP1, ERBB2, ERBB3, MLL2, PIK3CA, KRAS, NRAS, and ARID1A genes.

Also Known As:

Networked: 9722 relevant articles (536 outcomes, 2000 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
2.	Neoplasm Metastasis (Metastasis)
3.	Carcinoma (Carcinomatosis)
4.	Xerostomia
5.	Stomatitis

Experts

1.	Ma, Jun: 243 articles (08/2022 - 06/2002)
2.	Sun, Ying: 204 articles (02/2022 - 11/2004)
3.	Mai, Hai-Qiang: 165 articles (11/2022 - 02/2002)
4.	Guo, Xiang: 120 articles (01/2022 - 01/2002)
5.	Chen, Qiu-Yan: 119 articles (11/2022 - 04/2004)
6.	Zhao, Chong: 115 articles (10/2022 - 08/2002)
7.	Chen, Lei: 107 articles (02/2022 - 07/2011)
8.	Mao, Yan-Ping: 107 articles (02/2022 - 08/2008)
9.	Tang, Ling-Long: 106 articles (07/2022 - 11/2004)
10.	Guo, Ling: 101 articles (10/2022 - 04/2004)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma:

1.	Cisplatin (Platino)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2022 - "Therefore, a reduced cumulative dose of cisplatin is a promising treatment scheme for nasopharyngeal carcinoma." 04/01/2023 - "A small-molecule pan-HER inhibitor alone or in combination with cisplatin exerts efficacy against nasopharyngeal carcinoma." 06/01/2017 - "Drug resistance restricts the efficacy of cisplatin in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). " 01/28/2012 - "The efficacy of cisplatin for treating nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is limited by the dose-related toxicities and the development of resistance to cisplatin. " 12/07/2021 - "In our study, we identified a novel mechanism for EBV-LMP1-induced alteration of ANT1 conformation in cisplatin resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. "
2.	Fluorouracil (Carac)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2020 - "Further, a 62.50 µg/mL concentration of CF/5FU eliminated 71% and 39% of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and normal nasopharyngeal cells, respectively. " 08/01/2007 - "This study was to compare the efficacy and toxicity of TP regimen and PF regimen [DDP combined 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)] in treating nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), to provide a new chemotherapeutic regimen for NPC. " 01/01/1994 - "A phase II trial of 5-fluorouracil and cisplatinum in recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma." 01/01/2022 - "Currently, there is no optimal dose recommendation for a 120-h continuous infusion of 5-fluorouracil via arterial cannulation for advanced T-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). " 05/06/2020 - "Fluorouracil (FU) is an effective treatment providing satisfactory oncologic outcomes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. "
3.	DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)IBA 05/20/2017 - "Conclusion:The positive rate of plasma EBV DNA in high risk group of nasopharyngeal carcinoma may be helpful for nasal endoscopic nasopharyngeal biopsy, which can greatly improve the positive predictive value of high risk population of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. " 08/15/2003 - "Rapid clearance of plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA after surgical treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma." 01/01/2022 - "Cost-Effectiveness analysis of combining plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA testing and different surveillance imaging modalities for nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients in first remission." 01/01/2021 - "Long-term monitoring of dynamic changes in plasma EBV DNA for improved prognosis prediction of nasopharyngeal carcinoma." 10/31/2006 - "Radiological, pathological and DNA remission in recurrent metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma."
4.	GemcitabineFDA Link 01/01/2002 - "We conducted two parallel phase II trials in chemonaïve and previously treated patients with metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) to evaluate the tumour response, progression-free and overall survival, and toxicity of gemcitabine. " 12/22/2016 - "Gemcitabine improves survival in patients with recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma." 10/15/2016 - "Gemcitabine: a game changer in nasopharyngeal carcinoma." 10/01/2012 - "Gemcitabine has high activity against nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). " 05/01/2002 - "Gemcitabine for patients with relapsed nasopharyngeal carcinoma."
5.	PlatinumIBA 01/01/2015 - "The retrospective study included 155 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients who had local residual lesions after the platinum-based CCRT without or with AC. " 01/26/2017 - "BACKGROUND Platinum-based chemotherapy is the most effective regimen for nasopharyngeal carcinoma, which presents highly invasive and metastatic activity. " 01/01/2014 - "S-1 monotherapy is considered a safe and effective treatment option for recurrent and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients after failure of platinum-based chemotherapy." 10/01/2020 - "Platinum-based chemotherapy is the standard first-line treatment for recurrent/metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC); however, there is no standard regimen for those who failed first-line treatment. " 01/01/2020 - "Platinum-based chemotherapy is the standard of care as first-line treatment for recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (RM-NPC); however, the prognosis of patients with RM-NPC remains poor. "
6.	Docetaxel (Taxotere)FDA Link 03/01/2011 - "Docetaxel is effective in heavily pretreated patients with disseminated nasopharyngeal carcinoma." 03/01/2021 - "This study aimed to describe the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) and the relationship with hematological toxicity plus clinical responses of docetaxel in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. " 04/01/2012 - "This study highlights the importance of SLCO1B3 polymorphic variations in influencing docetaxel disposition in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients." 11/01/2022 - "Effects of combination docetaxel with NO treatment to enhance the anti-nasopharyngeal carcinoma efficiency in vitro and in vivo." 03/01/2021 - "Docetaxel exposure and hematological toxicity in Chinese patients with locally advanced/metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma."
7.	Paclitaxel (Taxol)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2017 - "Our results suggest that the combination of an autophagy inhibitor with taxol may be a promising approach to promote therapeutic efficacy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma." 10/01/2016 - "Paclitaxel chemoresistance restricts the therapeutic efficacy and prognosis of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). " 06/01/2011 - "Furthermore, a comparable antitumor efficacy of paclitaxel-loaded FA-TATp-PLs and Taxol(®) was observed at the same doses in murine models bearing nasopharyngeal carcinoma. " 06/15/2023 - "This study aims to address this gap by applying PEGylated paclitaxel nanoparticles (PEG-PTX NPs) for the first time to treat nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC43) cells in 3D confinement consisting of microwells with different sizes and a glass cover. " 01/01/2018 - "This study aims to investigate the role of miR-29a in regulating STAT3, as well as in Taxol resistance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-1 cells. "
8.	nimotuzumabIBA 10/02/2020 - "This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of nimotuzumab in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC). " 11/19/2019 - "The long-term survival of patients with III-IVb stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with IMRT with or without Nimotuzumab: a propensity score-matched analysis." 04/01/2018 - "The clinical data of 75 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients, who were initially treated with nimotuzumab combined with RT, were collected and retrospectively reviewed from December 2008 to April 2014. " 01/10/2017 - "In this work, we evaluated the feasibility of adding nimotuzumab to chemoradiation in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. " 01/01/2015 - "Between December 2009 and December 2013, 38 newly diagnosed patients with stage III-IV nasopharyngeal carcinoma were treated with IMRT and nimotuzumab concomitantly. "
9.	Immune Checkpoint InhibitorsIBA 01/01/2022 - "Are PD-1 inhibitors effective for recurrent/metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma? " 01/01/2022 - "Immune checkpoint inhibition in first-line treatment for recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A CAPTAIN-1st and JUPITER-02 trial-based cost-effectiveness analysis." 04/22/2020 - "Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) monotherapy shows early promise for the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in patients. " 01/01/2020 - "The efficacy of anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor in nasopharyngeal carcinoma." 01/01/2020 - "There is a need for more randomized controlled studies with head-to-head comparison of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and traditional chemotherapeutic strategies to enable better recommendations for optimal advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma treatment."
10.	Cetuximab (Erbitux)FDA Link 01/01/2018 - "The prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma was not significantly improved by cetuximab treatment when the Klf4 was highly expressed in the nucleus of nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues. " 09/01/2022 - "Phase I study of expanded natural killer cells in combination with cetuximab for recurrent/metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma." 01/01/2016 - "The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy and toxicity of cetuximab in the combined treatment for patients with recurrent and/or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (R/M NPC). " 12/01/2006 - "Pharmacoproteomics study of cetuximab in nasopharyngeal carcinoma." 07/05/2021 - "We report a case of 58 years old patient with metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma with an astonishing response to Cetuximab. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Radiotherapy 01/01/2018 - "Radiotherapy is one of the most comment and useful treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but the radioresistance remains a major obstacle. " 10/01/2014 - "Radiotherapy is the standard and most effective treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in its early stages. " 12/01/2006 - "Radiotherapy is the most effective treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). " 11/01/2005 - "To investigate the safety and efficacy of percutaneous incisional needle biopsy (PINB) in the parapharyngeal region under CT guide for highly suspicious nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) or recurrence of NPC after radiotherapy. " 01/01/2021 - "Although the efficacy of "reduced-volume intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT)" in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has been confirmed, two issues regarding the necessity of clinical target volume 1(CTV1) delineation and the optimal margin of CTV2 remained undetermined. "
2.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 08/31/2021 - "The first-line treatment of recurrent nasopharyngeal Carcinoma with triprimmab combined with chemotherapy has a good clinical effect and has a broad clinical research prospect." 10/01/2015 - "Concurrent chemotherapy significantly improved 5-year locoregional relapse-free survival and progression-free survival in stage II nasopharyngeal carcinoma. " 12/01/1998 - "Is chemotherapy beneficial in the treatment of locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma?" 08/31/2021 - "To investigate the first-line treatment of recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma treprimcab combined with chemotherapy. " 01/01/2021 - "Efficacy of Chemotherapy in Survival of Stage I Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma."
3.	Chemoradiotherapy 05/01/2022 - "Volumetric modulated arctherapy technique with concurrent chemoradiotherapy is an effective treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma with excellent overall and locoregional control without severe toxicity. " 08/24/2021 - "The mortality rate among patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has improved significantly with the advent of chemoradiotherapy strategies. " 06/01/2013 - "Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) showed a significant improvement in disease control and clinical outcome in patients with intermediate and locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) (stage II, III and IVA+B). " 01/01/2020 - "Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) is the mainstay of treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. " 07/07/2022 - "This study aimed to determine the value of arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion imaging in assessing the early efficacy of chemoradiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). "
4.	Induction Chemotherapy 10/01/2021 - "Our previous trial confirmed that induction chemotherapy (IC) improved long-term survival outcomes in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). " 01/01/2020 - "Literature search was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials focusing on the additional efficacy of induction chemotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. " 08/01/2006 - "Induction chemotherapy has not been shown to improve survival in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in Phase III trials. " 11/01/2023 - "Efficacy of induction chemotherapy in lymph node-positive stage III nasopharyngeal carcinoma and identification of beneficiaries based on clinical features: A propensity score matching analysis." 03/01/2022 - "The locoregional treatment of primitive nasopharyngeal carcinoma improved survival in patients with metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma who responded to induction chemotherapy. "
5.	Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy (Radiotherapy, Intensity Modulated) 01/01/2021 - "This meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and endoscopic surgery (ES) for high T-stage recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). " 02/01/2023 - "Endoscopic surgery is superior to intensity-modulated radiotherapy in the treatment of advanced recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma." 01/01/2019 - "Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) is the main treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). " 08/01/2015 - "This study investigated the contribution of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) to improved treatment outcome in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and parapharyngeal space (PPS) extension. " 07/01/2020 - "Improved long-term results of intensity-modulated radiotherapy for a non-endemic European nasopharyngeal carcinoma cohort: single-center retrospective study."