Abstract | OBJECTIVE: To assess risk factors and outcomes associated with nuchal cord at birth. STUDY DESIGN: A population-based, case-control study was conducted using linked birth and hospitalization records. Three thousand newborns were randomly selected from all singleton births with nuchal cord as noted on the birth record (n = 5,426) in King County, Washington, 1992-1993. For comparison, 3,000 controls were randomly selected from the 46,952 unaffected singleton births. RESULTS: An increased risk of nuchal cord was associated with induction of labor (odds ratio [OR] adjusted for maternal age and parity 2.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.7-2.3), African American infant race (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0-1.6), primiparity (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.0-1.5) and male sex (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.0-1.3). After exclusion of selected obstetric complications, the risk of nuchal cord associated with induction of labor increased (OR 2.4, 95% CI 2.0-3.0). Nuchal cord was associated with increased risks of fetal distress (OR 2.7, 95% CI 2.1-3.4), meconium staining (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.7-2.6), five-minute Apgar score < 7 (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.4) and assisted ventilation < 30 minutes (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.4-2.6). Although hospital charges for newborns with nuchal cord were slightly greater than for those without (P = .02), hospital lengths of stay did not differ significantly. CONCLUSION:
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Authors | D A Rhoades, U Latza, B A Mueller |
Journal | The Journal of reproductive medicine
(J Reprod Med)
Vol. 44
Issue 1
Pg. 39-45
(Jan 1999)
ISSN: 0024-7758 [Print] United States |
PMID | 9987738
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Topics |
- Adult
- Case-Control Studies
- Confidence Intervals
- Female
- Hospital Charges
- Humans
- Infant, Newborn
- Labor, Induced
(adverse effects)
- Length of Stay
- Medical Records
- Obstetric Labor Complications
(economics, etiology)
- Odds Ratio
- Pregnancy
- Pregnancy Outcome
- Risk Factors
- Umbilical Cord
- Washington
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