A standardized proportional mortality ratio (SPMR) study of 8,887 deaths during 1980-1989 among male workers in a large integrated
iron-steel complex in Anshan, China, was conducted to provide clues to occupational risk factors. Accidents and
cancer accounted for a higher proportion of deaths among the
iron-steel workers than among the general male population (SPMR = 1.21; 95% CI = 1.12-1.31 and 1.14; 95% CI = 1.10-1.18, respectively). Among all workers, SPMRs were significantly elevated for stomach, lung, and
colorectal cancers (SPMR = 1.37, 1.37, 1.38, respectively), but not other
cancers. Risks of
stomach cancer appeared to be highest among workers employed in jobs with exposure to
iron and
coal dust, whereas significant increases in
colorectal cancer were seen for loading and other dusty jobs and for administrative and sedentary jobs without dust exposure. Risks of
lung cancer appeared increased for a variety of jobs throughout the complex, especially those with probable high levels of exposure to
polycyclic hydrocarbons and
asbestos. Risk of
esophageal cancer was significantly elevated for fire-resistant brick makers, and risk of nonmalignant respiratory disease was significantly elevated for those employed as furnace workers, foundry workers, and fire-resistant brick makers.