Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin B subunits supplemented with a trace amount of the holotoxin as an adjuvant for nasal influenza vaccine.

Abstract

Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit (LTB) (2 micrograms), supplemented with a trace amount of the holotoxin (LT) (0.02-20 ng), was examined for the adjuvant effect on antibody (Ab) responses against influenza inactivated haemagglutinin (HA) vaccine in Balb/c mice. Each mouse received a primary intranasal (i.n.) inoculation with the vaccine (1.5 micrograms), prepared from PR8 (H1N1) virus, together with LT-containing LTB and in 4 weeks a second i.n. inoculation of the vaccine alone. The inoculation of the vaccine with the LT-containing LTB induced significantly high primary and secondary anti-HA IgA and IgG Ab responses in the nasal wash and the serum, while the vaccine with LTB or less than 2 ng of LT induced little response. The synergistic adjuvant effect was maximal in the concentration of LTB supplemented with 0.2-2 ng of LT. Under these conditions, the augmented IgA and IgG Ab responses, which are cross-protective to PR8 HA molecules, provided complete cross-protection against PR8 virus challenge in mice immunized with heterologous vaccine within the same subtype. These results suggest that LTB containing a trace amount of LT can be used as a potent adjuvant for nasal vaccination of humans against influenza.

• Authors: S Tamura, H Asanuma, T Tomita, K Komase, K Kawahara, H Danbara, N Hattori, K Watanabe, Y Suzuki, T Nagamine
• Journal: Vaccine (Vaccine) Vol. 12 Issue 12 Pg. 1083-9 (Sep 1994) ISSN: 0264-410X [Print] Netherlands
• PMID: 7998417 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Adjuvants, Immunologic
• Antibodies, Viral
• Bacterial Toxins
• Enterotoxins
• Escherichia coli Proteins
• Glycosides
• Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus
• Hemagglutinins, Viral
• Immunoglobulin A
• Immunoglobulin G
• Influenza Vaccines
• Recombinant Proteins
• Triterpenes
• Holothurin
• stichoposide
• heat-labile enterotoxin, E coli

Topics

• Adjuvants, Immunologic
• Administration, Intranasal
• Animals
• Antibodies, Viral (biosynthesis)
• Bacterial Toxins (immunology, pharmacology)
• Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic
• Drug Synergism
• Enterotoxins (immunology, pharmacology)
• Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
• Escherichia coli
• Escherichia coli Proteins
• Female
• Glycosides (immunology)
• Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus
• Hemagglutinins, Viral (immunology)
• Holothurin (immunology, pharmacology)
• Humans
• Immunoglobulin A (immunology)
• Immunoglobulin G (immunology)
• Influenza Vaccines (administration & dosage, immunology)
• Influenza, Human (prevention & control)
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred BALB C
• Orthomyxoviridae (drug effects, immunology)
• Recombinant Proteins (immunology)
• Sea Cucumbers
• Triterpenes (immunology)