Association of thyroid autoimmunity with extra-thyroid diseases and the risk of mortality among adults: evidence from the NHANES.

Abstract

Background:

Thyroid autoimmunity is one of the most prevalent autoimmune diseases. However, its association with extra-thyroid diseases and mortality risk in the general population remains uncertain. Our study aims to evaluate the association of thyroid autoimmunity with extra-thyroid disease and the risk of mortality.

Methods:

A prospective cohort study was conducted using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) with participants from 2007-2008, 2009-2010, and 2011-2012, tracking their mortality until 2019. Associations between thyroid autoimmunity, which was defined as having positive thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) and/or thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb), and extra-thyroid disease including diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, chronic lung disease, arthritis, cancer and chronic renal disease and the risk of mortality were investigated.

Results:

A total of 7431 participants were included in this study. Positive The prevalence of positive TgAb was 7.54%, and positive TPOAb prevalence was 11.48%. TgAb was significantly associated with diabetes (Model 1: OR=1.64, 95% CI:1.08-2.50; Model 2: OR=1.93, 95% CI: 1.21-3.08) and hypertension (Model 1: OR=0.67, 95% CI: 0.49-0.91; Model 2: OR=0.62, 95% CI: 0.44-0.88). TPOAb was associated with a lower prevalence of chronic lung disease (model 1: OR=0.71, 95% CI: 0.54-0.95; model 2: OR=0.71, 95% CI: 0.53-0.95). No associations were observed between TgAb, TPOAb and other extra-thyroid diseases. Neither TgAb nor TPOAb were associated with all-cause mortality or heart disease mortality.

Conclusion:

TgAb was linked to a higher prevalence of diabetes and a lower prevalence of hypertension, while TPOAb was associated with a decreased prevalence of chronic lung disease. However, neither TgAb nor TPOAb posed a risk for all-cause mortality or heart disease mortality.

• Authors: Jun-Long Song, Jia-Wei Hu, Ling-Rui Li, Zhi-Liang Xu, Juan-Juan Li, Sheng-Rong Sun, Chuang Chen
• Journal: Frontiers in endocrinology (Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)) Vol. 15 Pg. 1323994 ( 2024) ISSN: 1664-2392 [Print] Switzerland
• PMID: 38405150 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2024 Song, Hu, Li, Xu, Li, Sun and Chen.

Chemical References

• Iodide Peroxidase

Topics

• Adult
• Humans
• Autoimmunity
• Nutrition Surveys
• Prospective Studies
• Iodide Peroxidase
• Autoimmune Diseases
• Thyroid Diseases (complications, epidemiology)
• Diabetes Mellitus (epidemiology)
• Heart Diseases
• Hypertension (epidemiology)
• Lung Diseases