One of the target of perioperative tratment in surgery is decreasing intraoperative
bleeding, which increases the number of perioperative procedures, mortality and treatment costs, and also causes the risk of transfusion of blood and its components. Trying to minimize the blood loss(mainly during the operation) as well as the need to transfuse blood and its components (broadly understood
perioperative period) should be standard treatment for a patient undergoing a procedure. In the case of this method, the following steps should be taken: 1) in the
preoperative period: identyfication of risk groups as quickly as possible, detecting and treating
anemia, applying
prehabilitation, modyfying
anticoagulant treatment, considering donating one's own blood in some patients and in selected cases
erythropoietin preparations; 2) in the
perioperative period: aim for normothermia, normovolemia and normoglycemia, use of surgical methods that reduce
bleeding, such as
minimally invasive surgery, high-energy coagulation, local
hemostatics, prevention of
surgical site infection, proper transfusion of blood and its components if it occurs; 3) in the postoperative period: monitor the condition of patients, primarily for the detection of
bleeding, rapid reoperation if required, suplementation (
oral administration preferred) nutrition with microelements (
iron) and
vitamins, updating its general condition. All these activities, comprehensively and in surgical cooperation with the anesthesiologist, should reduce the blood loss and transfusion of blood and its components.