The present study was designed to evaluate the antiurolithiatic effect of PHYMIN-22 against
ethylene glycol-induced
urolithiasis in rats. Healthy Albino male rats with 200-230 g
body weight were randomly divided into five groups, each with 5 animals, control group, EG group (0.75%), PHYMIN-22 treatment group (0.75% EG 14 days and 100 mg/kg PHYMIN-22 next 14 days), PHYMIN-22 drug control group (100 mg/kg) and
cystone treatment group (0.75% EG 14 days and 750 mg/kg
cystone next 14 days). Biochemical testing was adopted for measuring the blood and urine parameters, as well as the level of
antioxidants including
superoxide dismutase (SOD),
Catalase (Cat),
Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and
glutathione (GSH) in kidney tissues.
Hematoxylin and
eosin (HE) staining was utilized to observe the histopathological changes in the kidney tissue. End of the experiment the PHYMIN-22 treatment reduced the urine and serum
calcium (p < 0.01; p < 0.01),
oxalate (p < 0.01; p < 0.01),
phosphate (p < 0.01; p < 0.01),
uric acid (p < 0.001; p < 0.001),
protein (p < 0.001; p < 0.001), and
creatinine (p < 0.001; p < 0.001) respectively, serum indicators ALT (p < 0.001) and AST (p < 0.001) level and non-enzymic
antioxidant GSH (p < 0.001) compared to EG induced
urolithiasis animals (Diseased control group). PHYMIN-22 treatment significantly increased urine volume, pH, and
body weight, and
antioxidants include CAT (p < 0.001; p < 0.001), SOD (p ˃ 0.05; p < 0.05), and GPX (p < 0.01; p < 0.001) compared to Diseased control group animals. The effect of PHYMIN-22 on EG-induced
urolithiasis animals could be by improving kidney function, normalizing the urine and serum parameters, maintaining the kidney
antioxidants, eliminating crystal deposition, and excretion of unwanted
ions from the kidney and urinary tract.