Abstract |
Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) develops after performing unaccustomed eccentric exercises. Animal studies have shown that DOMS is mechanical hyperalgesia through nociceptor sensitization induced by nerve growth factor ( NGF) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor ( GDNF) upregulated by cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). However, no previous study has investigated these in relation to DOMS in humans. This study compared the first and second bouts of one-leg eccentric cycling (ECC) for changes in NGF, GDNF, and COX-2 mRNA in the vastus lateralis (VL). Seven healthy adults (18-40 years) performed two bouts of ECC (10 sets of 50 contractions) with 80% maximal voluntary concentric peak torque separated by 2 weeks (ECC1, ECC2). Muscle soreness that was assessed by a visual analog scale and maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVC) torque of the knee extensors were measured before, immediately after (MVC only), 24 and 48 h post-exercise. Muscle biopsy was taken from the VL before the first bout from nonexercised leg (control) and 24 h after each bout from the exercised leg, and analyzed for NGF, GDNF, and COX-2 mRNA. Peak DOMS was more than two times greater and MVC torque at 48 h post-exercise was approximately 20% smaller after ECC1 than ECC2 (p < 0.05), suggesting the repeated bout effect. NGF mRNA level was higher (p < 0.05) post-ECC1 (0.79 ± 0.68 arbitrary unit) than control (0.06 ± 0.07) and post-ECC2 (0.08 ± 0.10). GDNF and COX-2 mRNA did not show significant differences between control, post-ECC1, and post-ECC2. These results suggest that an increase in NGF is associated with the development of DOMS in humans.
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Authors | Tomoko Koeda, Georgios Mavropalias, Kazue Mizumura, Kimiaki Katanosaka, Kazunori Nosaka |
Journal | Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
(Scand J Med Sci Sports)
Vol. 34
Issue 1
Pg. e14497
(Jan 2024)
ISSN: 1600-0838 [Electronic] Denmark |
PMID | 37724768
(Publication Type: Journal Article)
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Copyright | © 2023 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. |
Chemical References |
- Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
- Cyclooxygenase 2
- Nerve Growth Factor
- RNA, Messenger
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Topics |
- Adult
- Humans
- Quadriceps Muscle
(physiology)
- Muscle, Skeletal
(physiology)
- Myalgia
- Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
(genetics, metabolism)
- Leg
- Cyclooxygenase 2
(genetics, metabolism)
- Nerve Growth Factor
(metabolism)
- Isometric Contraction
(physiology)
- RNA, Messenger
(metabolism)
- Muscle Contraction
(physiology)
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