The effect of mutation on neurotoxicity reduction of new chimeric reteplase, a computational study.

Abstract

Background and purpose:

Excitotoxicity in nerve cells is a type of neurotoxicity in which excessive stimulation of receptors (such as N-methyl-d-aspartate glutamate receptors (NMDAR)) leads to the influx of high-level calcium ions into cells and finally cell damage or death. This complication can occur after taking some of the plasminogen activators like tissue plasminogen activator and reteplase. The interaction of the kringle2 domain in such plasminogen activator with the amino-terminal domain (ATD) of the NR1 subunit of NMDAR finally leads to excitotoxicity. In this study, we assessed the interaction of two new chimeric reteplase, mutated in the kringle2 domain, with ATD and compared the interaction of wild-type reteplase with ATD, computationally.

Experimental approach:

Homology modeling, protein docking, molecular dynamic simulation, and molecular dynamics trajectory analysis were used for the assessment of this interaction.

Findings/Results:

The results of the free energy analysis between reteplase and ATD (wild reteplase: -2127.516 ± 0.0, M1-chr: -1761.510 ± 0.0, M2-chr: -521.908 ± 0.0) showed lower interaction of this chimeric reteplase with ATD compared to the wild type.

Conclusion and implications:

The decreased interaction between two chimeric reteplase and ATD of NR1 subunit in NMDAR which leads to lower neurotoxicity related to these drugs, can be the start of a way to conduct more tests and if the results confirm this feature, they can be considered potential drugs in acute ischemic stroke treatment.

• Authors: Pardis Mohammadi Pour, Karim Mahnam, Mahsa Taherzadeh, Shahrzad Ahangarzadeh, Abbas Alibakhshi, Elmira Mohammadi
• Journal: Research in pharmaceutical sciences (Res Pharm Sci) 2023 Jul-Aug Vol. 18 Issue 4 Pg. 404-412 ISSN: 1735-5362 [Print] Iran
• PMID: 37614611 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright: © 2023 Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences.