Contribution of constitutional BRCA1 promoter methylation to early-onset and familial breast cancer patients from Pakistan.

Abstract

PURPOSE:

Constitutional BRCA1 promoter methylation has been identified as a potential risk factor for breast cancer (BC) in the Caucasian population. However, this data is lacking for BC patients of Asian origin. Therefore, we assessed the contribution of constitutional BRCA1 promoter methylation in Pakistani BC patients.

METHODS:

A total of 385 BRCA1/2-negative index BC patients (197 early-onset BC (≤ 30 years), 152 familial BC, 17 familial BC and ovarian cancer, 19 male BC) and 107 healthy controls were screened for the constitutional BRCA1 promoter methylation by methylation-sensitive high-resolution melting assay. Overall, 131 patients displayed triple-negative BC (TNBC) and 254 non-TNBC phenotypes. The prevalence of BRCA1 promoter methylation was calculated based on clinicopathological characteristics using univariable and multivariable logistic regression models.

RESULTS:

Constitutional BRCA1 promoter methylation was identified in 19.5% (75/385) of BC patients and 13.1% (14/107) of controls. The frequency of methylation was higher in early-onset BC (23.4% vs. 13.1%, P = 0.035) and TNBC patients (29.0% vs. 13.1%, P = 0.004) compared to controls. Methylation was also more prevalent in patients with high-grade than low-grade tumors (21.7% vs. 12.2%, P = 0.034) and progesterone receptor (PR)-negative than PR-positive tumors (26.0% vs. 13.9%, P = 0.004). Constitutional BRCA1 promoter methylation remained independently associated with TNBC phenotype (odds ratio 1.99; 95% CI 1.12-3.54; P = 0.02) after adjusting for BC diagnosis age, tumor grade, ER, and PR status.

CONCLUSION:

Constitutional BRCA1 promoter methylation is associated with TNBC and can serve as a non-invasive blood-based biomarker for Pakistani TNBC patients.

• Authors: Noor Muhammad, Ayesha Azeem, Muhammad Abu Bakar, Karolina Prajzendanc, Asif Loya, Anna Jakubowska, Ute Hamann, Muhammad Usman Rashid
• Journal: Breast cancer research and treatment (Breast Cancer Res Treat) Vol. 202 Issue 2 Pg. 377-387 (Nov 2023) ISSN: 1573-7217 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 37528266 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: © 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

Chemical References

• BRCA1 protein, human
• BRCA1 Protein
• BRCA2 protein, human
• BRCA2 Protein

Topics

• Humans
• Male
• Breast Neoplasms (epidemiology, genetics, pathology)
• BRCA1 Protein (genetics)
• Pakistan (epidemiology)
• DNA Methylation
• BRCA2 Protein (genetics)
• Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms (epidemiology, genetics, pathology)