Immobilization-free dual-aptamer-based photoelectrochemical platform for ultrasensitive exosome assay.

Abstract

Exosomes, involved in cancer-specific biological processes, are promising noninvasive biomarkers for early diagnosis of cancer. Herein, an immobilization-free dual-aptamer-based photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensor was proposed for the enrichment and quantification of cancer exosome based on photoactive bismuch oxyiodide/gold/cadmium sulfide (BiOI/Au/CdS) composites, nucleic acid-based recognition and signal amplification. In this biosensor, the recognition of exosome by two aptamers would trigger the deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase (TdT) enzyme-aided polymerization, leading to the enrichment of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) on Fe3O4 surface. After magnetic separation, ALP could catalyze the generation of ascorbic acid (AA) as electron donor and initiate the following redox cycle reaction for further signal amplification. Furthermore, all the above processes were performed in solution, the recognition and signal amplification efficiency would be superior than the heterogeneous strategy owing to the avoidance of steric hindrance effect. As a result, the proposed PEC biosensor was capable of enriching and detecting of cancer exosomes with high sensitivity and selectivity. The linear range of the biosensor was from 1.0 × 102 particles·μL-1 to 1.0 × 106 particles·μL-1 and the detection limit was estimated to be 21 particles·μL-1. Therefore, the proposed PEC biosensor holds great promise in quantifying tumor exosome for nondestructive early clinical cancer diagnosis and various other bioassay applications.

• Authors: Xiaojuan Liu, Hao Cheng, Yuecan Zhao, Yue Wang, Lei Ge, Yiping Huang, Feng Li
• Journal: Talanta (Talanta) Vol. 266 Issue Pt 1 Pg. 125001 (Jan 01 2024) ISSN: 1873-3573 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 37517342 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Oligonucleotides
• Alkaline Phosphatase
• Nucleic Acids

Topics

• Exosomes
• Biosensing Techniques
• Oligonucleotides
• Alkaline Phosphatase
• Nucleic Acids
• Limit of Detection
• Electrochemical Techniques