Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (cCRT) has been predominantly used as the standard
therapy for locally advanced or unresectable
non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with stage III disease. Based on the outstanding results of Phase III Pacific study,
Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor consolidation
therapy after cCRT without
progression disease (PD) has been recommended by National Comprehensive
Cancer Network (NCCN) guideline as standard
therapy for these patients. However, not all patients can tolerate a full course of cCRT due to the poor performance status, concurrent complications, or poor pulmonary function. Therefore, sequential
chemoradiotherapy (sCRT) is often conducted for these selected patients who have been assessed as not suitable for cCRT. Moreover, not all patients are suitable for
immunotherapy, especially for those with auto-
immune disease or certain gene mutations associated with non-response of
immunotherapy. Hence, we presented a case with both
autoimmune disease and
serine/threonine kinase 11 (STK11) mutation, who underwent
angiogenesis inhibitor Endostar consolidation
therapy after sCRT, and achieved a progression-free survival (PFS) more than 17 months and still in the process of follow-up. This case may offer an effective consolidation treatment for these patients with stage III disease unsuitable for
immunotherapy. Further clinical trials are required to confirm this treatment option.