Glutathione-Exhausting Nanoprobes for NIR-II Fluorescence Imaging-Guided Surgery and Boosting Radiation Therapy Efficacy via Ferroptosis in Breast Cancer.

Abstract	Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is the standard of care for early breast cancer patients, while the high ratio of reoperation is still a challenge due to inaccurate margin assessments. In patients with locally advanced or advanced breast cancer, radiotherapy is an important treatment for local control or improvement of quality of life. However, enhancing sensitization to radiotherapy is an unmet medical need. To solve the above clinical predicaments, a glutathione (GSH) exhausting virus-like silicon dioxide nanoprobe with Gd coating and folic acid (FA) modification is designed. After loading ICG in the mesopores, the VGd@ICG-FA probe efficiently targets tumor cells with high resolution, due to its virus-like morphology and folate acid anchoring. Especially, the fabricated nanoprobe enables the identification of tiny cancers and navigates precise surgery under NIR-II fluorescence imaging. Moreover, after the nanoprobes enter into the cytoplasm of cancer cells, tetrasulfide linkages in the silica framework are broken under the triggering of high GSH concentrations. In turn, the broken framework exhausts GSH to disrupt intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis, and Gd produces more ROS under radiotherapy, further activating ferroptosis, and resulting in the enhancement of radiotherapy in breast cancer. Therefore, our nanoprobe exhibits tremendous potential as a NIR-II fluorescence imaging agent with no systematic side effects for precise cancer surgery and nanotherapeutics for boosting radiation sensitivity in future clinical translation of breast cancer.
Authors	Min Wei, Jingwen Bai, Xiao Shen, Kangliang Lou, Yiyang Gao, Ruichan Lv, Peiyuan Wang, Xiaolong Liu, Guojun Zhang
Journal	ACS nano (ACS Nano) Vol. 17 Issue 12 Pg. 11345-11361 (06 27 2023) ISSN: 1936-086X [Electronic] United States
PMID	37272787 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References	Reactive Oxygen Species Silicon Dioxide Glutathione
Topics	Humans Female Breast Neoplasms (diagnostic imaging, radiotherapy) Ferroptosis Reactive Oxygen Species Quality of Life Silicon Dioxide Optical Imaging Glutathione

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