We retrospectively analyzed 165 patients in the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. They were divided into a pSS-PAH group (n=86) and a pSS group (n=79) according to pulmonary artery pressure detected by color doppler echocardiography. The clinical characteristics, laboratory test indexes, and risk factors were compared between the 2 groups.
RESULTS: Among 165 patients with pSS, 86 patients (52.12%) had PAH. Females were 79 (91.90%) patients in the pSS-PAH group, more than males. The patients in the pSS-PAH group were older than those in the pSS group (all P<0.05). The incidence of
keratoconjunctivitis,
alopecia, Raynaud's phenomenon,
cough, chest tightness,
shortness of breath, and dry skin was higher (all P<0.05), and the incidence of pulmonary
infection, pulmonary cystic degeneration,
respiratory failure,
osteoporosis,
arteriosclerosis, and
hypertension were higher in the pSS-PAH group than those in the pSS group (all P<0.05). The laboratory indicators of pulmonary artery diameter, right atrium diameter, right ventricular contractile diameter and pulmonary artery systolic pressure were higher in the pSS-PAH group than those in the pSS group (all P<0.05), and the positive rates of anti-nuclear antibody, anti-SSA antibody, and anti-Ro-52 antibody were higher (all P<0.05). The incidence of restrictive ventilatory dysfunction and decreased lung diffusion volume in the pSS-PAH group was higher than that in the pSS group (both P<0.05). Advanced age (OR=1.094, 95% CI 1.053 to 1.137, P<0.001), concomitant
keratoconjunctivitis (OR=2.075, 95% CI 1.054 to 4.088, P=0.035),
hair loss (OR=2.655, 95% CI 1.368 to 5.152, P=0.004), dry skin (OR=2.696, 95% CI 1.364 to 5.332, P=0.004), high pulmonary artery systolic pressure (OR=1.185, 95% CI 1.125 to 1.248, P<0.001),
respiratory failure (OR=2.279, 95% CI 1.137 to 4.570, P=0.020),
osteoporosis (OR=2.087, 95% CI 1.025 to 4.248, P=0.043),
atherosclerosis (OR=2.251, 95% CI 1.146 to 4.423, P=0.018),
hypertension (OR=2.370, 95% CI 1.190 to 4.718, P=0.014), the increased
antinuclear antibody (OR=2.155, 95% CI 1.094 to 4.245, P=0.026), the increased anti-SSA antibody (OR=2.565, 95% CI 1.292 to 5.091, P=0.007), the increased anti-RO-52 antibody (OR=2.623, 95% CI 1.278 to 5.383, P=0.009), and the decreased lung dispersion (OR=2.602, 95% CI 1.386 to 4.884, P=0.003), were all risk factors for PAH in pSS patients.
CONCLUSIONS: