Objective:
Hyperlipidemia is closely related to premature acute
myocardial infarction (AMI). The present study was performed to explore the correlation between various blood
lipid components and the risk of premature AMI. Methods: This is a cross-sectional retrospective study. Consecutive patients with acute
ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (
STEMI), who completed coronary angiography from October 1, 2020 to September 30, 2022 in our hospital, were enrolled and divided into premature AMI group (male<55 years old, female<65 years old) and late-onset AMI group. Total
cholesterol (TC),
triglyceride (TG),
low density lipoprotein cholesterol (
LDL-C),
high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non-HDL-C,
lipoprotein (a) (Lp (a)),
apolipoprotein B (
ApoB),
apolipoprotein A-1 (ApoA-1), non-HDL-C/HDL-C and
ApoB/
ApoA-1 were analyzed. The correlation between the above blood
lipid indexes and premature AMI was analyzed and compared by logistic regression, restricted cubic spline and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results: A total of 1 626 patients with
STEMI were enrolled in this study, including 409 patients with premature AMI and 1 217 patients with late-onset AMI. Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of premature AMI increased significantly with the increase of TG, non-HDL-C/HDL-C, non-HDL-C,
ApoB/
ApoA-1, TC and
ApoB quintiles; while
LDL-C,
ApoA-1 and Lp (a) had no significant correlation with premature AMI. The restricted cubic spline graph showed that except Lp (a),
LDL-C,
ApoA-1 and
ApoB/
ApoA-1, other blood
lipid indicators were significantly correlated with premature AMI. The ROC curve showed that TG and non-HDL-C/HDL-C had better predictive value for premature AMI. Inconsistency analysis found that the incidence and risk of premature AMI were the highest in patients with high TG and high non-HDL-C/HDL-C. Conclusion: TG, non-HDL-C/HDL-C and other blood
lipid indexes are significantly increased in patients with premature AMI, among which TG is the parameter, most closely related to premature AMI, and future studies are needed to explore the impact of controlling TG on incidence of premature AMI.