Durability of neutralization against Omicron subvariants after vaccination and breakthrough infection.

Abstract

Booster immunizations and breakthrough infections can elicit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron subvariant neutralizing activity. However, the durability of the neutralization response is unknown. We characterize the sensitivity of BA.1, BA.2, BA.2.75, BA.4/BA.5, BF.7, BQ.1.1, and XBB against neutralizing antibodies from vaccination, hybrid immunity, and breakthrough infections 4-6 months after vaccination and infection. We show that a two-dose CoronaVac or a third-dose ZF2001 booster elicits limited neutralization against Omicron subvariants 6 months after vaccination. Hybrid immunity as well as Delta, BA.1, and BA.2 breakthrough infections induce long-term persistence of the antibody response, and over 70% of sera neutralize BA.1, BA.2, BA.4/BA.5, and BF.7. However, BQ.1.1 and XBB, followed by BA.2.75, are more resistant to neutralization, with neutralizing titer reductions of ∼9- to 41-fold, ∼16- to 63-fold, and ∼4- to 25-fold, respectively. These data highlight additional vaccination in CoronaVac- or ZF2001-vaccinated individuals and provide insight into the durability of neutralization against Omicron subvariants.

• Authors: Ka-Li Zhu, Xiao-Lin Jiang, Bing-Dong Zhan, Xue-Jun Wang, Xian Xia, Guo-Ping Cao, Wen-Kui Sun, Peng-Xiang Huang, Jin-Zhong Zhang, Yu-Ling Gao, Er-Hei Dai, Hui-Xia Gao, Mai-Juan Ma
• Journal: Cell reports (Cell Rep) Vol. 42 Issue 2 Pg. 112075 (02 28 2023) ISSN: 2211-1247 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 36774551 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• ZF2001 COVID-19 vaccine
• sinovac COVID-19 vaccine
• Antibodies, Neutralizing
• Antibodies, Viral

Topics

• Humans
• Breakthrough Infections
• COVID-19 (prevention & control)
• SARS-CoV-2
• Antibodies, Neutralizing
• Antibodies, Viral