Effect of Mini-Dose Ready-to-Use Liquid Glucagon on Preventing Exercise-Associated Hypoglycemia in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To determine effect of mini-dose, ready-to-use glucagon on incidence of exercise-associated hypoglycemia (EAH) in adults with type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:

Individuals initially participated in the in-clinic training phase for which they were randomly assigned to a crossover design: 150 µg glucagon (treatment arm A) or placebo (arm B) subcutaneously, immediately before exercise, plus 50% reduction in continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) basal delivery rate. Completers were then rerandomly assigned in the 12-week outpatient investigational phase: arm A, B, or open-label C, 150 µg glucagon alone. Participants were to undertake their usual aerobic exercise at moderate to high intensity for 30 to 75 min in real-world settings. Data were analyzed for incidence of level 1 hypoglycemia based on self-monitoring blood glucose and for various secondary and exploratory end points.

RESULTS:

Of 48 participants who completed the training phase, 45 continued to the outpatient phase. For all exercise sessions in the outpatient phase (n = 795), incidence of level 1 hypoglycemia was lower in both glucagon arms (A, 12% [P < 0.0001]; C, 16% [P = 0.0032]) than in the placebo arm (B, 39%). Times below range, in range, and above range from 0 to 300 min did not significantly differ among treatment arms. Consumed grams of exercise carbohydrates were lower with glucagon use than with placebo use but did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.12). Adverse events were similar among treatment arms.

CONCLUSIONS:

Mini-dose glucagon with or without 50% reduction in CSII basal delivery rate may help to decrease EAH incidence in adults with type 1 diabetes.

• Authors: Ronnie Aronson, Michael C Riddell, Valentina Conoscenti, M Khaled Junaidi
• Journal: Diabetes care (Diabetes Care) Vol. 46 Issue 4 Pg. 765-772 (04 01 2023) ISSN: 1935-5548 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 36689626 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2023 by the American Diabetes Association.

Chemical References

• Blood Glucose
• Glucagon
• Hypoglycemic Agents
• Insulin

Topics

• Adult
• Humans
• Blood Glucose
• Cross-Over Studies
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
• Exercise
• Glucagon (therapeutic use)
• Hypoglycemia
• Hypoglycemic Agents (therapeutic use)
• Insulin
• Insulin Infusion Systems (adverse effects)