Biomarker associations with insomnia and secondary sleep outcomes in persons with and without HIV in the POPPY-Sleep substudy: a cohort study.

Abstract

STUDY OBJECTIVES:

We investigated associations between inflammatory profiles/clusters and sleep measures in people living with HIV and demographically-/lifestyle-similar HIV-negative controls in the Pharmacokinetic and clinical Observations in PeoPle over fiftY (POPPY)-Sleep substudy.

METHODS:

Primary outcome was insomnia (Insomnia Severity Index [ISI]>15). Secondary sleep outcomes included 7-day actigraphy (e.g. mean/standard deviation of sleep duration/efficiency), overnight oximetry (e.g. oxygen desaturation index [ODI]) and patient-reported measures (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) sleep questionnaires). Participants were grouped using Principal Component Analysis of 31 biomarkers across several inflammatory pathways followed by cluster analysis. Between-cluster differences in baseline characteristics and sleep outcomes were assessed using Kruskal-Wallis/logistic regression/Chi-squared/Fisher's exact tests.

RESULTS:

Of the 465 participants included (74% people with HIV, median [interquartile range] age 54 [50-60] years), only 18% had insomnia and secondary sleep outcomes suggested generally good sleep (e.g. ODI 3.1/hr [1.5-6.4]). Three clusters with distinct inflammatory profiles were identified: "gut/immune activation" (n = 47), "neurovascular" (n = 209), and "reference" (relatively lower inflammation; n = 209). The "neurovascular" cluster included higher proportions of people with HIV, obesity (BMI>30 kg/m2), and previous cardiovascular disease, mental health disorder, and arthritis of knee/hip relative to the other two clusters. No clinically relevant between-cluster differences were observed in proportions with insomnia (17%, 18%, 20%) before (p = .76) or after (p = .75) adjustment for potential confounders. Few associations were observed among actigraphy, oximetry, and PROMIS measures.

CONCLUSIONS:

Although associations could exist with other sleep measures or biomarker types not assessed, our findings do not support a strong association between sleep and inflammation in people with HIV.

• Authors: Nicholas Bakewell, Caroline A Sabin, Riya Negi, Alejandro Garcia-Leon, Alan Winston, Memory Sachikonye, Nicki Doyle, Susan Redline, Patrick W G Mallon, Ken M Kunisaki
• Journal: Sleep (Sleep) Vol. 45 Issue 12 (Dec 12 2022) ISSN: 1550-9109 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 36104003 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: © Sleep Research Society 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Sleep Research Society.

Topics

• Humans
• Middle Aged
• Cohort Studies
• Papaver
• Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders (complications)
• Sleep
• HIV Infections (complications)