Antibodies (Abs) are important immune mediators and powerful diagnostic markers in a wide range of
infectious diseases. Understanding the humoral immunity or the development of effective
antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 is a prerequisite for limiting disease burden in the community and
aids in the development of new diagnostic, therapeutic, and vaccination options. Accordingly, the role of
antiviral antibodies in the resistance to and diagnosis of
SARS-CoV-2 infection was explored. Antibody testing showed the potential in adding important diagnostic value to the routine diagnosis and clinical management of
COVID-19. They could also play a critical role in
COVID-19 surveillance, allowing for a better understanding of the full scope of the disease. The development of several
vaccines and the success of passive immunotherapy suggest that anti-SARS-CoV-2
antibodies have the potential to be used in the treatment and prevention of
SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this review, we highlight the role of
antibodies in the diagnosis of
SARS-CoV-2 infection and provide an update on their protective roles in controlling
SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as
vaccine development.