Effect of Antiretroviral Therapy on Neutrophil Oxidative Burst in Children.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To ascertain the effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, as well as, antiretroviral therapy (ART) on neutrophil oxidative burst in children.

METHODS:

Fifty-five children living with HIV infection (30 receiving ART for ≥ 2 y, 25 treatment-naïve) and 30 healthy controls, aged 18 mo-18 y, were assessed for hemogram and neutrophil oxidative burst. The treatment-naïve children were followed up and the above tests were repeated after 6 mo of ART.

RESULTS:

Mean (SD) serum MPO activity at 6 mo after ART [32.1 (± 19.9) U/L] was comparable to that at disease onset [17.2 (± 23.0) U/L], although it was significantly higher compared to that in children on ART ≥ 2 y [13.3 (± 15.8) U/L] and controls [12.1 (± 11.9) U/L]. Median fluorescence intensity (MFI) of unstimulated DHR was highest at 6 mo after ART and in the treatment-naïve group, which was significantly higher than in the controls, as well as, children receiving ART ≥ 2 y. Stimulation index was highest in the control group [442.4 (341.9-562.9)], which was comparable to that in children on ART ≥ 2 y [304.2 (153.2-664.8)], but was significantly higher than the treatment-naïve cohort [266.1 (148.2-339.4)] and children on ART for 6 mo [318.8 (154.9-395.6)].

CONCLUSION:

A hyperinflammatory state caused by an increased serum myeloperoxidase enzyme activity and increased basal neutrophil oxidative burst was seen in untreated HIV infection and during initial 6 mo of ART. ART given for ≥ 2 y normalized the impaired neutrophilic phagocytic functions.

• Authors: Nama Habib Ur Rehman, Pooja Dewan, Richa Gupta, Sunil Gomber, Alpana Raizada
• Journal: Indian journal of pediatrics (Indian J Pediatr) Vol. 90 Issue 7 Pg. 683-689 (Jul 2023) ISSN: 0973-7693 [Electronic] India
• PMID: 35947271 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: © 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Dr. K C Chaudhuri Foundation.

Topics

• Humans
• Child
• HIV Infections (drug therapy)
• Neutrophils
• Respiratory Burst
• Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
• CD4 Lymphocyte Count