Clinical neurophysiology of Parkinson's disease and parkinsonism.

Abstract

This review is part of the series on the clinical neurophysiology of movement disorders. It focuses on Parkinson's disease and parkinsonism. The topics covered include the pathophysiology of tremor, rigidity and bradykinesia, balance and gait disturbance and myoclonus in Parkinson's disease. The use of electroencephalography, electromyography, long latency reflexes, cutaneous silent period, studies of cortical excitability with single and paired transcranial magnetic stimulation, studies of plasticity, intraoperative microelectrode recordings and recording of local field potentials from deep brain stimulation, and electrocorticography are also reviewed. In addition to advancing knowledge of pathophysiology, neurophysiological studies can be useful in refining the diagnosis, localization of surgical targets, and help to develop novel therapies for Parkinson's disease.

• Authors: Robert Chen, Alfredo Berardelli, Amitabh Bhattacharya, Matteo Bologna, Kai-Hsiang Stanley Chen, Alfonso Fasano, Rick C Helmich, William D Hutchison, Nitish Kamble, Andrea A Kühn, Antonella Macerollo, Wolf-Julian Neumann, Pramod Kumar Pal, Giulia Paparella, Antonio Suppa, Kaviraja Udupa
• Journal: Clinical neurophysiology practice (Clin Neurophysiol Pract) Vol. 7 Pg. 201-227 ( 2022) ISSN: 2467-981X [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 35899019 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
• Copyright: © 2022 International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Published by Elsevier B.V.