Background: We present results of a 24-week comparative study of the effects of the sodium−glucose cotransporter 2 (
SGLT2) inhibitor canagliflozin vs. the sulfonylurea
glimepiride, by baseline body mass index (BMI), in patients with
type 2 diabetes and chronic
heart failure. Methods: We conducted a post hoc analysis of the CANDLE trial. This subanalysis evaluated
NT-proBNP, BMI, and other laboratory parameters, according to the subgroups stratified by BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 vs. BMI < 25 kg/m2. Results: A group ratio of proportional changes in the geometric means of
NT-proBNP was 0.99 (p = 0.940) for the subgroup with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and 0.85 (p = 0.075) for the subgroup with BMI < 25 kg/m2, respectively. When baseline BMI was modeled as a continuous variable, results for patients with BMI < 30 kg/m2 showed a slightly smaller increase in
NT-proBNP in the
canagliflozin group vs. the
glimepiride group (p = 0.295); that difference was not seen among patients with BMI ≥30 kg/m2 (p = 0.948). Irrespective of
obesity, the
canagliflozin group was associated with significant reduction in BMI compared to the
glimepiride group. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the effects of
canagliflozin, relative to
glimepiride, on
NT-proBNP concentrations irrespective of baseline
obesity. UMIN clinical trial registration number: UMIN000017669.