Histone acetyltransferases CBP/p300 in tumorigenesis and CBP/p300 inhibitors as promising novel anticancer agents.

Abstract

The histone acetyltransferases CBP and p300, often referred to as CBP/p300 due to their sequence homology and functional overlap and co-operation, are emerging as critical drivers of oncogenesis in the past several years. CBP/p300 induces histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac) at target gene promoters, enhancers and super-enhancers, thereby activating gene transcription. While earlier studies indicate that CBP/p300 deletion/loss can promote tumorigenesis, CBP/p300 have more recently been shown to be over-expressed in cancer cells and drug-resistant cancer cells, activate oncogene transcription and induce cancer cell proliferation, survival, tumorigenesis, metastasis, immune evasion and drug-resistance. Small molecule CBP/p300 histone acetyltransferase inhibitors, bromodomain inhibitors, CBP/p300 and BET bromodomain dual inhibitors and p300 protein degraders have recently been discovered. The CBP/p300 inhibitors and degraders reduce H3K27ac, down-regulate oncogene transcription, induce cancer cell growth inhibition and cell death, activate immune response, overcome drug resistance and suppress tumor progression in vivo. In addition, CBP/p300 inhibitors enhance the anticancer efficacy of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and epigenetic anticancer agents, including BET bromodomain inhibitors; and the combination therapies exert substantial anticancer effects in mouse models of human cancers including drug-resistant cancers. Currently, two CBP/p300 inhibitors are under clinical evaluation in patients with advanced and drug-resistant solid tumors or hematological malignancies. In summary, CBP/p300 have recently been identified as critical tumorigenic drivers, and CBP/p300 inhibitors and protein degraders are emerging as promising novel anticancer agents for clinical translation.

• Authors: Qingjuan Chen, Binhui Yang, Xiaochen Liu, Xu D Zhang, Lirong Zhang, Tao Liu
• Journal: Theranostics (Theranostics) Vol. 12 Issue 11 Pg. 4935-4948 ( 2022) ISSN: 1838-7640 [Electronic] Australia
• PMID: 35836809 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © The author(s).

Chemical References

• Antineoplastic Agents
• Histones
• Histone Acetyltransferases

Topics

• Acetylation
• Animals
• Antineoplastic Agents (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Carcinogenesis
• Histone Acetyltransferases (genetics, metabolism)
• Histones (metabolism)
• Humans
• Mice
• Neoplasms (drug therapy)