The purpose of this study was to compare the differences of V-pattern
exotropia in
craniosynostosis and normal children. 39 children were included in this study, 19
craniosynostosis and 20 children in control group. They underwent comprehensive ocular examinations and received
strabismus surgery. The extraocular muscle samples were analysed. Compared with the control group,
craniosynostosis group had larger deviation in primary and up gaze, larger V pattern, and more severe inferior oblique overaction. For 20-40, and 50-60 prism diopter
exotropia, the lateral recession in the
craniosynostosis group was larger than that in the control group, 7.13 ± 0.44 mm vs 6.71 ± 0.47 mm, 8.90 ± 0.21 mm vs 7.75 ± 0.46 mm (p = 0.025, 0.000). The anterior transposition of
craniosynostosis group was more anterior than that of control group, posterior 1.03 ± 1.24 vs 2.68 ± 0.94 mm (p = 0.000). Compared with the control group, the extraocular muscle abnormality in
craniosynostosis was significant, 32% vs 5% (p = 0.031). There were 40
proteins in
craniosynostosis group, which were different from those in control group. A larger V pattern and larger deviation is common in
craniosynostosis children. For the same PD of deviation, it usually needs more recession in
craniosynostosis because of the thinner and weaker extraocular muscles.
Collagen related
proteins were increased in
craniosynostosis, and decreased contraction related
protein tropomodulin might play key role for the weakness of EOMs.