Immune responses of patients without cancer recurrence after a cancer vaccine over a long term.

Abstract

The present study aimed to clarify the humoral and cellular immune responses of patients with cancer who experienced no recurrence over a long term after receiving a cancer vaccine. The immune kinetics were investigated in response to a personalized peptide vaccination (PPV) among 44 Japanese patients without an active tumor at entry to the vaccination: Lung adenocarcinoma (n=11); colon (n=18); and breast cancer (n=15) (9, 10, 12, 8 and 5 patients with stage I, II, III and IV recurrences, respectively). The patients' immunoglobulin G (IgG) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activities were measured using a multiplexed Luminex assay and an interferon-γ release assay, respectively. There were no severe adverse events related to the PPV other than a grade III injection site reaction. A potent boost in IgG or CTL at the end of the 1st vaccination cycle was observed in 77% of the patients (n=84). The IgG levels were sustained throughout the follow-up period, whereas the CTL levels declined and were transient. A total of 37 of the 44 patients (84%) had no recurrence, with a median follow-up of 67.6 months (interquartile range, 45.6-82.8 months). Overall, the PPV induced long-term humoral immunity with transient cellular immunity in the majority of patients with cancer without an active tumor at their entry to the PPV.

• Authors: Shigetaka Suekane, Shigeru Yutani, Uhi Toh, Koichi Yoshiyama, Kyogo Itoh
• Journal: Molecular and clinical oncology (Mol Clin Oncol) Vol. 16 Issue 6 Pg. 112 (Jun 2022) ISSN: 2049-9469 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 35620212 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright: © Suekane et al.