Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (
ADHD) is one of the most prevalent and heritable childhood behavioral disorders. Although a number of
ADHD-susceptible regions had been identified, details about the variations of genes and their related patterns involved in
ADHD are still lacking. In this study, we collected 25 Chinese parents-offspring trios, each of which consisted of a child diagnosed with
ADHD and his/her unaffected parents, and analyzed the variations from whole-genome sequencing data. SNVs in reported
ADHD-susceptible regions and on the genes whose functions were related to
dopamine were screened, and we identified a set of variants with functional annotations which were specifically detected in
ADHD children, including most SNVs in the gene coding region that might impair
protein functions and a few SNVs in promoter or
3' untranslated region (3'-UTR) that might affect the regulation of relative gene expression in a transcriptional or posttranscriptional level. All the information may further contribute to the understanding, prediction, prevention, and treatment of
ADHD in clinical.