Thymus Subset Alterations Accompanying Concomitant Tumor Immunity Mimics Phenotypic Patterns of Cytotoxic Drug Doxorubicin.

Abstract

BACKGROUND/AIM:

Concomitant immunity (CIM) is a phenomenon that elicits an antitumor response not sufficient enough to destroy the primary tumor but prevents a secondary implant from growing and spreading. This study aimed to develop a method of identification of serum tumoricidal factors released into circulation during CIM and to compare the CIM-related effect to the effect elicited by the cytotoxic drug doxorubicin.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

SL2 tumor-bearing mice were studied at three time points - day 4, day 7, and day 11 following i.p. 5×105 cell implantation. Hematological effects and thymocyte immunophenotyping (CD4/CD8) data were compared to the effects induced by intravenous 10 mg/kg doxorubicin (DOX) administration to intact DBA 2 mice. The level of plasma colony stimulating factor-granulocyte macrophage (CSF-GM) was evaluated by ELISA.

RESULTS:

Identical thymus histopathology and an extent of double-positive CD4+CD8+ subset depletion was found in day 11 tumor-bearing mice (TBM-11) and in DOX-administered animals. TBM-11 exhibited a leukemoid reaction with an increase in monocyte and granulocyte counts. Conversely, DOX administration was followed by severe leukocytopenia at the 72-h time point. No increase in CSF-GM was observed in mice with or without a leukemoid reaction.

CONCLUSION:

The complexity of CIM can be examined by tracking alterations in the most fragile cortical CD8+CD4+ double positive population. Thymocyte apoptosis induced by DOX and TBM-11 might be associated with different mechanisms. TBM-11 did not exhibit severe myelotoxicity as DOX did. CIM-related serum factors can be assessed and screened via thymocyte subset analysis.

• Authors: Gintaras Zaleskis, Dainius Characiejus, Jurgita Jursenaite, Lavija Zibutyte, Karolina Kriauciunaite, Milda Vanagaite-Zickiene, Adas Darinskas, Mantas Jonusis, Vita Pasukoniene
• Journal: In vivo (Athens, Greece) (In Vivo) 2022 May-Jun Vol. 36 Issue 3 Pg. 1106-1113 ISSN: 1791-7549 [Electronic] Greece
• PMID: 35478153 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2022, International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Antineoplastic Agents
• Doxorubicin
• Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor

Topics

• Animals
• Antineoplastic Agents
• Doxorubicin (adverse effects)
• Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
• Leukemoid Reaction
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred DBA