Abstract | BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests that the gut microbiota and cardiometabolic status are associated, suggesting dietary interventions that alter the microbiota may affect metabolic health. OBJECTIVES: METHODS: Adults with PreDM-IR (n = 26; mean ± SEM age, 35 ± 2 years; fasting glucose, 5.7 ± 0.1 mmol/L; HOMA-IR, 3.3 ± 0.3) or who were metabolically healthy (reference group; n = 10; age, 31 ± 3 years; fasting glucose, 5.1 ± 0.2 mmol/L; HOMA-IR, 1.1 ± 0.1) participated in a randomized crossover trial with two 4-week supplementation periods, in which they consumed either RRB (125 g fresh equivalents) daily or RRB + 8g FOS daily, separated by a 4-week washout. The primary outcome variable was the change in the gut microbiota composition, assessed by shotgun sequencing before (baseline) and at the end of each supplementation period. Secondary outcomes were changes in glucoregulation, lipid metabolism, anti-inflammatory status, and anthropometry. The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03049631. RESULTS: In PreDM-IR, RRB supplementation reduced hepatic-IR (-30.1% ± 14.6%; P = 0.04) and reduced plasma total and LDL cholesterol [-4.9% ± 1.8% (P = 0.04) and -7.2% ± 2.3% (P = 0.003), respectively] from baseline. Adding FOS (RRB + FOS) improved β-cell function [insulin secretion rate, +70.2% ± 32.8% (P = 0.02); Disposition Index, +94.4% ± 50.2% (P = 0.04)], but had no significant effect on plasma cholesterol compared to baseline. RRB increased Eubacterium eligens (2-fold) and decreased Ruminococcus gnavus (-60% ± 34%), whereas RRB + FOS increased Bifidobacterium spp. (4-fold) and decreased Blautia wexlerae (-23% ± 12%) from baseline (all P values ≤ 0.05). R. gnavus was positively correlated with hepatic-IR, and E. eligens and Bifidobacterium catenulatum were negatively correlated with cholesterol concentrations (P ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Increased Bifidobacterium spp., concurrently with reduced R. gnavus, was associated with metabolic improvements in adults with PreDM-IR, warranting further research on the mechanisms involved in (poly) phenol/FOS-microbial interactions with host metabolism.
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Authors | Xuhuiqun Zhang, Anqi Zhao, Amandeep K Sandhu, Indika Edirisinghe, Britt M Burton-Freeman |
Journal | The Journal of nutrition
(J Nutr)
Vol. 152
Issue 6
Pg. 1438-1449
(06 09 2022)
ISSN: 1541-6100 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 35421233
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Copyright | © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition. |
Chemical References |
- Biomarkers
- Oligosaccharides
- Phenols
- Prebiotics
- Cholesterol
- Glucose
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Topics |
- Adult
- Biomarkers
- Cardiovascular Diseases
- Cholesterol
- Cross-Over Studies
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome
- Glucose
- Humans
- Insulin Resistance
- Oligosaccharides
(pharmacology, therapeutic use)
- Phenols
- Prebiotics
- Prediabetic State
- Rubus
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