Abstract | OBJECTIVE: METHODS: RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells were stimulated with CML-HSA to trigger inflammatory gene expression and treated with either a vehicle control or varied concentrations of astaxanthin. Inflammatory gene expression was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or qPCR. We triggered osteoclastogenesis using RANKL, and osteoclastogenic gene expression was measured through tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity, staining, immunofluorescence, and qPCR analyses. RESULTS: CML-HSA showed a stimulatory effect on inflammatory gene expression, and astaxanthin reduced the expression by at least two-fold. The levels of autoinflammatory gene expression were reduced by astaxanthin. The RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis was significantly inhibited by astaxanthin, with reductions in the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), the expression of NFATc1 (nuclear factor of activated T cells 1), multinucleated cell formation, and the expression of mature osteoclast marker genes. CONCLUSION:
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Authors | A N M Mamun-Or-Rashid, Tanzima Tarannum Lucy, Masayuki Yagi, Yoshikazu Yonei |
Journal | Biomedicines
(Biomedicines)
Vol. 10
Issue 1
(Dec 27 2021)
ISSN: 2227-9059 [Print] Switzerland |
PMID | 35052734
(Publication Type: Journal Article)
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