Perioperative coagulofibrinolytic responses in colorectal surgery patients without chemical thromboprophylaxis: a retrospective observational study.

Abstract

PURPOSE:

During the perioperative period, coagulofibrinolytic activation occurs, which occasionally results in thromboembolic complications. However, natural perioperative coagulofibrinolytic responses have not been well investigated. The present study examined perioperative coagulofibrinolytic changes and their association with the development of venous thromboembolism (VTE).

METHODS:

We retrospectively analyzed the changes in coagulofibrinolytic markers for 7 days in 70 patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery. To explore the natural coagulofibrinolytic response, we investigated patients not undergoing perioperative chemical thromboprophylaxis.

RESULTS:

Coagulation activation occurred from just after surgery to postoperative day (POD) 1, followed by a gradual decrease, but persisted to even POD 7. Fibrinolytic activity showed a tri-phasic response: activation, shutdown and reactivation. Consequently, fibrin/fibrinogen degradation product (FDP) and D-dimer levels continued to increase until POD 7. The development of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) was observed in 11 patients (15.7%). Postoperative sustained hyper-coagulation [soluble fibrin (SF) or thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) values on POD 7 > their normal limits] was significantly associated with the development of DVT (SF, p < 0.001; TAT, p = 0.001).

CONCLUSION:

We found initial coagulation activation and a tri-phasic response of fibrinolytic activity after colorectal surgery. Thus, physicians need to pay attention to these responses when attempting to prevent or treat VTE.

• Authors: Hironori Matsumoto, Kei Ishimaru, Satoshi Kikuchi, Satoshi Akita, Yuji Yamamoto, Motohira Yoshida, Shigehiro Koga, Hiroyuki Egi, Yuji Watanabe
• Journal: Surgery today (Surg Today) Vol. 52 Issue 6 Pg. 904-913 (Jun 2022) ISSN: 1436-2813 [Electronic] Japan
• PMID: 34697683 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Observational Study)
• Copyright: © 2021. The Author(s).

Chemical References

• Anticoagulants
• Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products

Topics

• Anticoagulants
• Colorectal Surgery (adverse effects)
• Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products (metabolism)
• Humans
• Retrospective Studies
• Venous Thromboembolism (etiology, prevention & control)
• Venous Thrombosis (etiology)