Potassium Iodide Nanoparticles Enhance Radiotherapy against Breast Cancer by Exploiting the Sodium-Iodide Symporter.

Abstract

Iodine has shown promise in enhancing radiotherapy. However, conventional iodine compounds show fast clearance and low retention inside cancer cells, limiting their application as a radiosensitizer. Herein, we synthesize poly(maleic anhydride-alt-1-octadecene) coated KI nanoparticles (PMAO-KI NPs) and evaluate their potential for enhancing radiotherapy. Owing to the polymer coating, the KI core of PMAO-KI NPs is not instantly dissolved in aqueous solutions but slowly degraded, allowing for controlled release of iodide (I-). I- is transported into cells via the sodium iodide symporter (NIS), which is upregulated in breast cancer cells. Our results show that PMAO-KI NPs can enhance radiation-induced production of reactive oxygen species such as hydroxyl radicals. When tested in vitro with MCF-7 cells, PMAO-KI NPs promote radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks and lipid peroxidation, causing a drop in cancer cell viability and reproductivity. When tested in MCF-7 bearing mice, PMAO-KI NPs show significant radiosensitizing effects, leading to complete tumor eradication in 80% of the treated animals without inducing additional toxicity. Overall, our strategy exploits electrolyte nanoparticles to deliver iodide into cancer cells through NIS, thus promoting radiotherapy against breast cancer.

• Authors: Benjamin L Cline, Wen Jiang, Chaebin Lee, Zhengwei Cao, Xueyuan Yang, Shuyue Zhan, Harrison Chong, Tao Zhang, Zhaoguo Han, Xuedan Wu, Li Yao, Hui Wang, Weizhong Zhang, Zibo Li, Jin Xie
• Journal: ACS nano (ACS Nano) Vol. 15 Issue 11 Pg. 17401-17411 (Nov 23 2021) ISSN: 1936-086X [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 34694109 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.)

Chemical References

• sodium-iodide symporter
• Iodides
• Potassium Iodide
• Tretinoin

Topics

• Animals
• Mice
• Iodides (metabolism)
• Potassium Iodide
• Cell Line, Tumor
• Tretinoin (pharmacology)
• Nanoparticles
• Neoplasms