d-Amino Acids and pLG72 in Alzheimer's Disease and Schizophrenia.

Abstract

Numerous studies over the last several years have shown that d-amino acids, especially d-serine, have been related to brain and neurological disorders. Acknowledged neurological functions of d-amino acids include neurotransmission and learning and memory functions through modulating N-methyl-d-aspartate type glutamate receptors (NMDARs). Aberrant d-amino acids level and polymorphisms of genes related to d-amino acids metabolism are associated with neurodegenerative brain conditions. This review summarizes the roles of d-amino acids and pLG72, also known as d-amino acid oxidase activator, on two neurodegenerative disorders, schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The scope includes the changes in d-amino acids levels, gene polymorphisms of G72 genomics, and the role of pLG72 on NMDARs and mitochondria in schizophrenia and AD. The clinical diagnostic value of d-amino acids and pLG72 and the therapeutic importance are also reviewed.

• Authors: Yu-Jung Cheng, Chieh-Hsin Lin, Hsien-Yuan Lane
• Journal: International journal of molecular sciences (Int J Mol Sci) Vol. 22 Issue 20 (Oct 09 2021) ISSN: 1422-0067 [Electronic] Switzerland
• PMID: 34681579 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)

Chemical References

• Amino Acids
• DAOA protein, human
• Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
• Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate

Topics

• Alzheimer Disease (diagnosis, genetics, metabolism)
• Amino Acids (metabolism)
• Brain (metabolism)
• Early Diagnosis
• Humans
• Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins (genetics, metabolism)
• Mitochondria (metabolism)
• Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
• Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (metabolism)
• Schizophrenia (diagnosis, genetics, metabolism)