Abstract |
Hairy cell leukemia variant (HCLv) responds poorly to purine analogue monotherapy. Rituximab concurrent with cladribine (CDAR) improves response rates, but long-term outcomes are unknown. We report final results of a phase 2 study of CDAR for patients with HCLv. Twenty patients with 0 to 1 prior courses of cladribine and/or rituximab, including 8 who were previously untreated, received cladribine 0.15 mg/kg on days 1 to 5 with 8 weekly rituximab doses of 375 mg/m2 beginning day 1. Patients received a second rituximab course ≥6 months after cladribine, if and when minimal residual disease (MRD) was detected in blood. The complete remission (CR) rate from CDAR was 95% (95% confidence interval, 75-100). Sixteen (80%) of 20 patients (95% confidence interval, 56-94) became MRD negative according to bone marrow at 6 months. The median duration of MRD-negative CR was 70.1 months, and 7 of 16 are still MRD negative up to 120 months. With a median follow-up of 69.7 months, 11 patients received delayed rituximab, and the 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 63.3% and 73.9%, respectively. Five patients with TP53 mutations had shorter PFS (median, 36.4 months vs unreached; P = .0024) and OS (median, 52.4 months vs unreached; P = .032). MRD-negative CR at 6 months was significantly associated with longer PFS (unreached vs 17.4 months; P < .0001) and OS (unreached vs 38.2 months; P < .0001). Lack of MRD in blood at 6 months was also predictive of longer PFS and OS (P < .0001). After progression following CDAR, median OS was 29.7 months. CDAR is effective in HCLv, with better outcomes in patients who achieve MRD-negative CR. This trial is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT00923013.
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Authors | Dai Chihara, Evgeny Arons, Maryalice Stetler-Stevenson, Constance Yuan, Hao-Wei Wang, Hong Zhou, Mark Raffeld, Liqiang Xi, Seth M Steinberg, Julie Feurtado, Lacey James-Echenique, Chin-Hsien Tai, Keyur P Patel, Raul C Braylan, Katherine R Calvo, Irina Maric, Alina Dulau-Florea, Robert J Kreitman |
Journal | Blood advances
(Blood Adv)
Vol. 5
Issue 23
Pg. 4807-4816
(12 14 2021)
ISSN: 2473-9537 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 34607348
(Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Phase II, Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Copyright | © 2021 by The American Society of Hematology. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), permitting only noncommercial, nonderivative use with attribution. All other rights reserved. |
Chemical References |
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Topics |
- Cladribine
(therapeutic use)
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Leukemia, Hairy Cell
(drug therapy)
- Remission Induction
- Rituximab
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