A Review of Novel Cardiac Biomarkers in Acute or Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases: The Role of Soluble ST2 (sST2), Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), Myeloperoxidase (MPO), and Procalcitonin (PCT).

Abstract

While the received traditional predictors are still the mainstay in the diagnosis and prognosis of CVD events, increasing studies have focused on exploring the ancillary effect of biomarkers for the aspiring of precision. Under which circumstances, soluble ST2 (sST2), lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and procalcitonin (PCT) have recently emerged as promising markers in the field of both acute and chronic cardiovascular diseases. Existent clinical studies have demonstrated the significant associations between these markers with various CVD outcomes, which further verified the potentiality of markers in helping risk stratification and diagnostic and therapeutic work-up of patients. The current review article is aimed at illuminating the applicability of these four novels and often neglected cardiac biomarkers in common clinical scenarios, including acute myocardial infarction, acute heart failure, and chronic heart failure, especially in the emergency department. By thorough classification, combination, and discussion of biomarkers with clinical and instrumental evaluation, we hope the current study can provide insights into biomarkers and draw more attention to their importance.

• Authors: Junpei Li, Tianyu Cao, Yaping Wei, Nan Zhang, Ziyi Zhou, Zhuo Wang, Jingyi Li, Yue Zhang, Sijia Wang, Ping Wang, Nannan Cheng, Lijing Ye, Minghui Li, Yu Yu, Congcong Ding, Ziheng Tan, Biming Zhan, Qiangqiang He, Huihui Bao, Yanqing Wu, Lishun Liu, Jianping Li, Xiping Xu, Xiaoshu Cheng, Xiao Huang
• Journal: Disease markers (Dis Markers) Vol. 2021 Pg. 6258865 ( 2021) ISSN: 1875-8630 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 34422136 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2021 Junpei Li et al.

Chemical References

• Biomarkers
• IL1RL1 protein, human
• Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein
• Procalcitonin
• MPO protein, human
• Peroxidase
• 1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase
• PLA2G7 protein, human

Topics

• 1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase (metabolism)
• Biomarkers (metabolism)
• Cardiovascular Diseases (diagnosis, metabolism)
• Early Diagnosis
• Gene Expression Regulation
• Humans
• Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein (metabolism)
• Peroxidase (metabolism)
• Procalcitonin (metabolism)
• Prognosis