An integrated machine learning framework for a discriminative analysis of schizophrenia using multi-biological data.

Abstract

Finding effective and objective biomarkers to inform the diagnosis of schizophrenia is of great importance yet remains challenging. Relatively little work has been conducted on multi-biological data for the diagnosis of schizophrenia. In this cross-sectional study, we extracted multiple features from three types of biological data, including gut microbiota data, blood data, and electroencephalogram data. Then, an integrated framework of machine learning consisting of five classifiers, three feature selection algorithms, and four cross validation methods was used to discriminate patients with schizophrenia from healthy controls. Our results show that the support vector machine classifier without feature selection using the input features of multi-biological data achieved the best performance, with an accuracy of 91.7% and an AUC of 96.5% (p < 0.05). These results indicate that multi-biological data showed better discriminative capacity for patients with schizophrenia than single biological data. The top 5% discriminative features selected from the optimal model include the gut microbiota features (Lactobacillus, Haemophilus, and Prevotella), the blood features (superoxide dismutase level, monocyte-lymphocyte ratio, and neutrophil count), and the electroencephalogram features (nodal local efficiency, nodal efficiency, and nodal shortest path length in the temporal and frontal-parietal brain areas). The proposed integrated framework may be helpful for understanding the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and developing biomarkers for schizophrenia using multi-biological data.

• Authors: Peng-Fei Ke, Dong-Sheng Xiong, Jia-Hui Li, Zhi-Lin Pan, Jing Zhou, Shi-Jia Li, Jie Song, Xiao-Yi Chen, Gui-Xiang Li, Jun Chen, Xiao-Bo Li, Yu-Ping Ning, Feng-Chun Wu, Kai Wu
• Journal: Scientific reports (Sci Rep) Vol. 11 Issue 1 Pg. 14636 (07 19 2021) ISSN: 2045-2322 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 34282208 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2021. The Author(s).

Chemical References

• Biomarkers

Topics

• Adult
• Algorithms
• Biomarkers (analysis, blood, metabolism)
• Blood Cell Count
• Blood Chemical Analysis (statistics & numerical data)
• Case-Control Studies
• China (epidemiology)
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Databases, Factual (statistics & numerical data)
• Diagnosis, Differential
• Discriminant Analysis
• Electroencephalography (statistics & numerical data)
• Feces (chemistry)
• Female
• Gastrointestinal Microbiome (physiology)
• Humans
• Machine Learning
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Predictive Value of Tests
• Schizophrenia (diagnosis, epidemiology, etiology)