Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible
blindness worldwide. The
proteome characterization of
glaucoma is not clearly understood. A total of 175 subjects, including 57 primary acute
angle-closure glaucoma (PAACG), 50 primary chronic
angle-closure glaucoma (PCACG), 35
neovascular glaucoma (NVG), and 33
cataract patients, were enrolled and comparison proteomic analysis was provided. The samples were randomly divided into discovery group or validation group, whose aqueous humor
proteome was analyzed by data-independent acquisition or by parallel reaction monitoring. The common
proteome features of three types of
glaucoma were immune response, lipid metabolism, and cell death. Three
proteins, VTN, SERPIND1, and CD14, showed significant upregulation in
glaucoma and could discriminate
glaucoma from
cataract. Mutual differential proteomic analysis of PAACG, PCACG, and NVG showed different
proteome characterization of the three types of
glaucoma. NVG was characterized with activated angiogenesis. PAACG was characterized with activation of
inflammation response. SERPIND1 was discovered to play vital role in
glaucoma occurrences, which is associated with eye transparency decrease and
glucose metabolism. This study would provide insights in understanding
proteome characterization of
glaucoma and benefit the clinical application of AH
proteome.