Schizandrin A ameliorates cognitive functions via modulating microglial polarisation in Alzheimer's disease mice.

Abstract

CONTEXT:

Schizandrin A (Sch A) is a major phytochemical from Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. (Schisandraceae), which exerts a neuroprotective effect in Alzheimer's disease (AD).

OBJECTIVE:

To investigate the mechanism of Sch A in AD.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

AD group: APP/PS1 transgenic mice served as AD models; AD + SCH group: APP/PS1 received 2 mg/kg Sch A by intragastric administration; WT: C57BL/6 mice were used as control. For in vitro assay, mouse microglial BV2 cells were treated with 0.5 µg/mL lipopolysaccharide or combined with 10 μmol/L Sch A for 24 h. The cognitive function and apoptosis in the mice was estimated. Microglial polarisation in the mice and cells was analysed.

RESULTS:

Sch A treatment effectively improved spatial learning and memory ability and suppressed apoptosis in the brain tissues of APP/PS1 mice. APP/PS1 mice exhibited an increase in the levels of Aβ1-42 (2367.9 ± 431.1 pg/mg) and Aβ1-40 (1753.3 ± 253.4 pg/mg), which was abolished by Sch A treatment. Moreover, Sch A treatment repressed the proportions of iNOS+/Iba-1+ cells and IL-6 expression, while enhanced the proportions of Arg-1+/Iba-1+ cells and IL-10 expression in APP/PS1 mice. In vitro, Sch A treatment reduced the proportions of CD16/32+ cells, iNOS expression and IL-6 levels (25.7 ± 5.3 pg/mL) repressed M1 polarisation, and enhanced the proportions of CD206 cells, Arg-1 expression and IL-10 levels (75.9 ± 12.8 pg/mL) in BV2 cells.

CONCLUSIONS:

This research confirms the neuroprotective effect of Sch A in AD, suggesting that Sch A may become a potential anti-AD agent.

• Authors: Qi Wang, Li Liu, Huibo Guan, Yanyan Zhou, Quan Li
• Journal: Pharmaceutical biology (Pharm Biol) Vol. 59 Issue 1 Pg. 860-867 (Dec 2021) ISSN: 1744-5116 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 34214019 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Cyclooctanes
• Lignans
• Neuroprotective Agents
• Polycyclic Compounds
• schizandrin A

Topics

• Alzheimer Disease (drug therapy, physiopathology)
• Animals
• Apoptosis (drug effects)
• Brain (drug effects, physiopathology)
• Cell Line
• Cognition (drug effects)
• Cyclooctanes (isolation & purification, pharmacology)
• Disease Models, Animal
• Lignans (isolation & purification, pharmacology)
• Male
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred C57BL
• Mice, Transgenic
• Microglia (drug effects, metabolism)
• Neuroprotective Agents (isolation & purification, pharmacology)
• Polycyclic Compounds (isolation & purification, pharmacology)
• Schisandra (chemistry)