Introduction: Dengue virus is a global health threat, with approximately 390 million
dengue infections annually. Efficient
vaccines for
dengue prevention are currently lacking. This review aims to summarize the current progress in
dengue vaccine development.Area covered: This article discusses recent
dengue vaccine developments based on the published literature and ClinicalTrials.gov website up to December 2020.Expert opinion: The first live-attenuated chimeric
yellow-fever/
tetravalent dengue vaccine (CYD-TDV),
Dengvaxia, has been licensed in several countries. However, the low efficacy of this
vaccine was observed in children and
dengue-naïve individuals. It also increased the risk of
severe dengue in people who had not been exposed to
dengue. The heterologous prime-boost regimen of sequential immunization with DENVax and
Dengvaxia covers four serotypes of immunogenicity, eliminating the effect of ADE. Moreover, a heterologous prime-boost regimen that combines
inactivated vaccines with
alum and live
attenuated vaccines might increase the immunogenic response. The lack of an ideal animal model is an obstacle to the development of
dengue vaccines, and the macaque model may be considered for similar immunologic responses in humans.