Perfluorotridecanoic acid (
PFTrDA) is a long-chain (C13) perfluoroalkyl
carboxylic acid. Here, we report the influence of
PFTrDA exposure on the maturation of rat Leydig cells in late puberty in vivo. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered
PFTrDA by gavage of 0, 1, 5, and 10 mg/kg/day from 35 days to 56 days postpartum.
PFTrDA had no effect on
body weight, testis weight, and epididymis weight. It significantly decreased the serum
testosterone level after 5 and 10 mg/kg exposure, while it did not alter the serum
estradiol level. The serum
luteinizing hormone level was markedly reduced after 10 mg/kg
PFTrDA exposure, while the
follicle-stimulating hormone level was unchanged. Star,
Cyp11a1, Cyp17a1, Hsd3b1, and Insl3 transcript levels in the testis were markedly lowered in the 1-5 mg/kg
PFTrDA group and the Lhb transcript level in the pituitary in the 10 mg/kg group.
CYP11A1 and HSD11B1-positive Leydig cell numbers were markedly reduced after 10 mg/kg
PFTrDA exposure. Testicular
triglyceride and
free fatty acid (
palmitic acid,
oleic acid, and
linoleic acid) levels were significantly reduced by
PFTrDA, while Mgll (up-regulation) and Scarb1 and Elovl5 (down-regulation) expression were altered. AKT1 and AMPK phosphorylation was stimulated after 10
PFTrDA mg/kg exposure. In conclusion,
PFTrDA delays the maturation of Leydig cells in late puberty mainly by altering the
free fatty acid profile.